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Pathogens and Infection

Pathogens and Infection. Origin. Disease and death were not always a part of this world Genesis 1:31 As a result of the Fall of man, sin caused a host of degenerative changes in the biological realm including disorders, diseases, aging, and death

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Pathogens and Infection

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  1. Pathogens and Infection

  2. Origin • Disease and death were not always a part of this world • Genesis 1:31 • As a result of the Fall of man, sin caused a host of degenerative changes in the biological realm including disorders, diseases, aging, and death • However, God uses afflictions to accomplish His purposes in the lives of men

  3. Disease • Does not allow the body to function normally • Can affect individual organs or an entire body system • Divided into two groups: • infectious • non-infectious

  4. Infectious Disease • Infectious disease is a disease that can be passed from organism to organism • Caused by tiny organisms called PATHOGENS

  5. Pathogens • Bacteria • Viruses • Fungi • Protist • Some worms

  6. Pathogens come from… • Other people!

  7. Pathogens come from… • Contaminated objects

  8. Pathogens come from… • Animal Bites

  9. Pathogens come from… • Our environment

  10. Entry into Host • Pathogens have many different places on our body in which they can come in: • Skin • Orifices • Ears • Eyes • Noses • Any opening to the inside of our body

  11. Infection • Infection– the ability of an organism or virus to enter, survive and multiply in a host and start symptoms • It works by damaging individual cells within the organs • In some cases it attacks an entire body system

  12. Infection 1. Production of poisons, such as toxinsand enzymes, that destroy cells and tissues. 2. Direct invasion and destruction of host cells. • Triggering responses from the host’s immune system leading to disease signs and symptoms: • Swelling • Fever • Vomiting/diarrhea

  13. Types of Infection • Types of Infection: • Bacterial infections • Viral infections • Fungal infections • Parasitic infections

  14. Defense! • Happily, not all is lost! • Our bodies are equipped to prevent or stop most infections from occurring • First line of defense • Skin • Mucous • hygiene

  15. Defense! • Second line of defense!  IMMUNE SYSTEM!!! • The second line of defense is a group of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body. This is the immune system.

  16. Defense! • Sometimes our bodies need some help getting rid of pesky pathogens • Antibiotics (“against life”) • Antiviral drugs • Steroids • Antihistamines

  17. Defense! • Third line of defense… IMMUNITY! • After our immune system has successful pwned (defeated) pathogens, it will develop ANTIBODIESor markers that will alert the immune system if those pathogens ever show up again! Antibodies

  18. Defense! - Vaccines • Dr. Edward Jenner, an English physician and scientist discovered that if people were given a similar but non-virulent strain of a disease they would have protection from the more deadly version • He called this weakened or similar version of the pathogen a vaccine • It allowed the patient to develop immunity without getting a case of the disease

  19. Non-Infectious Diseases

  20. Non-Infectious Diseases • Not caused by pathogens in the body • Not spread from organism to organism • Non-infectious Diseases are caused by malfunctions in the body. • Heredity • The environment • Lifestyle choices

  21. Non-Infectious Disease • Cancer • Diabetes I and II • Genetic diseases • Cystic Fibrosis • Asthma • Allergies

  22. Allergies • Allergiesare an abnormal response by the immune system to normally harmless substances • Ex: food, pollen, mold, dust, animals • An allergic reaction occurs when a allergenenters the body and the immune GOES CRAZY thinking it is a potentially life-threatening pathogen

  23. Allergies • The immune system will go through a series of reactions and releases HISTIDINE, a chemical which causes many allergy symptoms: • Sneezing • Coughing • Itching • Rash/hives • Swelling • Watery eyes/nose

  24. What causes allergies??? • “Hygiene Hypothesis” • Developed countries like the US and Europe have more people who suffer from allergies than life-threatening diseases like parasitic worm infections, smallpox, viral outbreaks • This hypothesis says that with improvements in sanitation, health care, and hygiene, we are reducing or even eliminating our exposure to many microbes and parasites immune systems are responding to SOMETHING (allergens) in order to keep itself ready

  25. What did we learn?!? Pathogens and Disease Non-Infectious Disease and Allergies

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