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Bell Ringer

Bell Ringer. What does the word Islam mean? What is the Islam Holy Book called?. Arts of Islam and Africa. Islam. Islam - Arabic for “submission”, meaning submission to God

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Bell Ringer

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  1. Bell Ringer • What does the word Islam mean? • What is the Islam Holy Book called?

  2. Arts of Islam and Africa

  3. Islam • Islam- Arabic for “submission”, meaning submission to God • According to Islamic belief, God who spoke through prophets as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus spoke directly to humanity for the last time. Through the angel Gabriel He revealed His word to the Prophet Muhammad. • Muhammad began to preach and became their leader- Muslims

  4. Architecture • Mosque- place for worship or “bowing down” • Built of sun-dried brick around a central courtyard • Mosques and prayers always face the city of Mecca • Ex. The Congregational Mosque at Kairouan, in Tunisia- based on Roman and Byzantine architecture

  5. Minaret • Large tower over the entry of the courtyard

  6. Byzantine Mosaics • Mosaics in a Byzantine church would depict Jesus, Mary, and saints but in these mosques there were none of these at all. • The Qur’an contains a stern warning against the worship of idols and in time they were forbidden all together. • Islamic patrons focused on geometric patterns and stylized plant forms-curving tendrils, stems, foliage, and flowers

  7. Persian architecture • New form of mosque • Iwan- served to mark the entry to a royal reception hall in Persian palaces • Used glazed tile for Mosaic art • Ex. TajMahal, Friday Mosque Isfahan, Shah Mosque Isfahan

  8. TajMahal

  9. Friday Mosque

  10. Shah Mosque

  11. Book Art • Calligraphy became the most highly regarded art in Islam. • The Qur’an was never illustrated with images, instead used geometric patterns and stylized plant forms, just as they did with mosques. • Ex. Ahmad al-Suhrawardi- page from the Qur’an

  12. Islamic painting • Books were the major outlet for painters in Islamic culture • Worked with fine pigments and brushes that tapered to a single hair • Ex. BahramGur and the Princess in the Black Pavilion

  13. Arts of Daily Life • Carpets and textiles were important in Islamic art • Ex. Ardabil carpet (Persian textile)

  14. Ceramic Art • Underglazed and painted • Mosque lamp- found in the Dome of the Rock mosque in Jerusalem, Isnik

  15. Arts of Africa • It challenges us to expand our ideas about what art is, what forms it can take, the impulses it springs from, and what purpose they serve.

  16. Africa • Kush- most famous Nubian kingdom • The Pyramid of Queen Amanishakheto- gold with glass inlay ornament • 2.5 inches tall

  17. Kings of Africa • Traditionally each king dedicated an altar to his father • Ovanramwen • 1. brass statue of a king with 2 attendants next to him • 2. brass bells are also displayed • 3. four large brass sculptures each capped by an elephant tusk

  18. The Asante Kingdom • Gold was the measure of wealth for the Akan, and kings. • Precious metals were made to be worn by these kings as a sign of their divine authority and absolute power.

  19. Kente cloth • A brilliantly colored and patterned fabric that became the royal cloth

  20. Primordial Couple • Dogon people • Gender role sculpture • Wood and metal • A couple seated side by side in an abstract manner almost mirroring each other • Family oriented people

  21. Minkisi • “medicine” containers that hold materials that allow a ritual specialist to harness the powers of the dead in the service of the living • Ex. nkondi- statue of a ferocious hunter that punishes and hunts witches and wrongdoers

  22. Masquerade • Means a full costume, including a face covering or mask • The great African art of spiritual agency, and perhaps the greatest of all African art. • Involving sculpture, costume, music, and movement • Contacts spirits and brings them into the community

  23. Masks • Ex. Nowo- helmet mask that was the guiding spirit of a Temne women’s organization called Bondo, which regulates affairs. • Bondo- prepares young girls for initiation into adult status so they can be presented to the community as fully mature women.

  24. Ijele • Most honored mask of the Igbo people of Nigeria • Means fluid and layered • Appears at funerals of important men • Great tree of meaning-of life itself-appearing briefly in the human community

  25. African artists • Olowe of Ise (1875-1938)- was an innovative Yoruba artist who lived in Nigeria during the colonial era. • His style of carving included figures that had active poses appearing energetic and fully animated.

  26. Masks

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