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Chapter Resources. Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. earth.msscience.com. Image Bank. Foldables. Chapter Summary. Chapter Review Questions. Standardized Test Practice. earth.msscience.com. Image Bank. Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.
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Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. earth.msscience.com Image Bank Foldables Chapter Summary Chapter Review Questions Standardized Test Practice
Image Bank Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.
Image Bank Transfer Images • To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps: • Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image. • Copy the image • Go to your own power point document • Paste the image.
Image Bank Mineral
Image Bank Crystal
Image Bank Table – Crystal Systems
Image Bank Cooling Lava
Image Bank Halite Crystals (salt)
Image Bank Table: Elements in Earth’s Crust
Image Bank Brightly Colored Mineral
Image Bank Table – Mineral Hardness
Image Bank Mineral with Nonmetallic Luster
Image Bank Streak Test
Image Bank Gems
Image Bank Table – Minerals and Their Gems
Image Bank The Hope Diamond
Image Bank Frying Pan
Image Bank Golf Club
Image Bank Calcite
Foldables Minerals Make the following Foldable to help you better understand minerals.
Foldables Fold a vertical sheet of notebook paper from side to side.
Foldables Cut along every third line of only the top layer to form tabs.
Foldables Label each tab with a question.
Foldables Ask Questions Before you read the chapter, write questions you have about minerals on the front of the tabs. As you read the chapter, add more questions and write answers under the appropriate tabs.
Reviewing Main Ideas 1 Minerals • Much of what you use each day is made at least in some part from minerals. • All minerals are formed by natural processes and are inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and orderly arrangements of atoms. • Minerals have crystal structures in one of six major crystal systems.
Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Mineral Identification • Hardness is a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched. • Luster describes how light reflects from a mineral’s surface. • Streak is the color of the powder left by a mineral on an unglazed porcelain tile.
Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Mineral Identification • Minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces have cleavage. When minerals break with rough or jagged surfaces, they are displaying fracture. • Some minerals have special properties that aid in identifying them.
Reviewing Main Ideas 3 Uses of Minerals • Gems are minerals that are more rare and beautiful than common minerals. • Minerals are useful for their physical properties and for the elements they contain.
Chapter Review Question 1 What is the difference between cleavage and fracture? Answer Both refer to the way a mineral breaks. Minerals that break along smooth surfaces have cleavage. Those that break with uneven surfaces have fracture.
Chapter Review Question 2 Hardness is the measure of how easily a mineral can be __________. A. streaked B. refined C. scratched D. smelted
Chapter Review Answer The answer is C. Hardness is a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched.
Chapter Review Question 3 What is the streak of a mineral? Answer Streak is the color of a mineral when it is in powdered form and is determined by rubbing the mineral on an unglazed porcelain tile.
Chapter Review Question 4 Which of these is a term for metallic luster? A. glassy B. pearly C. shiny D. silky
Chapter Review Answer The answer is C. Minerals with metallic luster shine like metal. The remaining terms describe nonmetallic luster.
Chapter Review Question 5 Which of the following is a unique property of calcite? A. fizzes when hydrochloric acid is put onto it B. has a striking blue color C. is attracted to magnets D. is the softest mineral on the Mohs scale
Chapter Review Answer The answer is A. Calcite fizzes when hydrochloric acid is put onto it.
An unknown mineral leaves an orange-red mark when rubbed on unglazed porcelain tile. It has about the same hardness as your fingernail. What is the identity of the mineral? Standardized Test Practice Question 1
Standardized Test Practice A. copper B. galena C. hematite D. magnetite
Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Copper has an orange-red streak; hematite has a red-brown streak. Copper is softer than hematite.
Standardized Test Practice Question 2 What group of minerals is the most abundant in Earth’s crust? A. carbonates B. dolomites C. magnetites D. silicates
Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is D. Silicates are composed of silicon and oxygen, which are the two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust.
Standardized Test Practice Question 3 A mineral has a red to brown streak and cannot be scratched with an iron nail. What is the identity of the mineral? A. copper B. galena C. hematite D. magnetite
Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C. Hematite has a red streak and a hardness of 5.5–6.5. Since the hardness of an iron nail is about 4.5, it will not scratch hematite.
Standardized Test Practice Question 4 If a mineral sample can be scratched by a steel file but not an iron nail, what is the hardness of the sample? C. 3–4 D. 5–6 A. 1–2 B. 2–3
Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is D. The iron nail has a hardness of 4.5, which will not scratch a mineral with hardness of 5–6.
Standardized Test Practice Question 5 Which mineral will scratch gypsum but not fluorite? A. apatite B. calcite C. feldspar D. talc
Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. The hardness of calcite is greater than that of gypsum, but less than that of fluorite.
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