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Automotive Brakes Systems

Automotive Brakes Systems. Brake System Principles and Operation. Introduction. RPO Codes Usually located in glove box or on spare tire cover. Brakes information starts with “J”. Brake System Principles and Operation. Base Brake Components. Brake System Principles and Operation.

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Automotive Brakes Systems

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  1. Automotive Brakes Systems Brake System Principles and Operation

  2. Introduction • RPO Codes • Usually located in glove box or on spare tire cover. • Brakes information starts with “J”.

  3. Brake System Principles and Operation • Base Brake Components

  4. Brake System Principles and Operation • Brake Sub-Systems

  5. Brake System Principles and Operation • Brake System Operation • Traditional brake systems change kinetic energy into heat energy through friction.

  6. Brake System Principles and Operation • Changing Energy • Energy is never created or destroyed, just changed.

  7. Brake System Principles and Operation • Power of Systems • Brake systems must have enough power to stop a vehicle at W.O.T.

  8. Brake System Principles and Operation • Coefficient of Friction • Force to pull an object divided by the weight.

  9. Brake System Principles and Operation • Coefficients of Friction and Temperature • Temperature can have negative effects on COF. These include fade and grab.

  10. Brake System Principles and Operation • Traction / Weight and Balance • Keep in mind, the weight and balance of a vehicle effects the traction of that vehicle greatly. • Wheels with more traction must have more brake force applied than those with less traction.

  11. Brake System Principles and Operation • Brake Fluid must do the following: • Maintains Viscosity • High Boiling Point • Non-Corrosive • Water Tolerant • Lubricates • Low Freezing Point

  12. Brake System Principles and Operation • Answers to Brake Fluid FAQs • Three basic types: DOT 3, 4, and 5 • Brake Fluid will damage painted surfaces. Wash any spills immediately. • Conventional brake fluids are hydroscopic- that is they readily absorb moisture. Always keep brake fluid in a sealed container. • Never reuse brake fluid.

  13. Brake System Principles and Operation • Answers to Brake Fluid FAQs • Dot 3 and 4 are conventional, and are interchangeable; but are not recommended to be interchanged. DOT 4 has a higher equilibrium reflux boiling point or ERBP. • DOT 5 is silicone based, does not absorb water, and has a higher ERBP yet. • According to some manufacturers, DOT 5 can cause seal deterioration in systems designed for DOT 3 or 4.

  14. Brake System Principles and Operation • Answers to Brake Fluid FAQs • DOT 5.1 is a non-silicone-based polyglycol fluid that is clear to amber in color. It is more popular in Europe. It has a ERBP equal to DOT 5 fluid. According to brake fluid manufacturers, DOT 5.1 can be mixed with both DOT 3 and DOT 4. Automobile manufacturers have not acknowledged this yet. • Follow published Service Information.

  15. Brake System Principles and Operation • Brake Fluid Concerns: • Contamination: • Mineral-Based Oils • Moisture • Air • Brake Fluid Disposal • EPA mandates that brake fluid is to be disposed of with used engine oil. • Do Not Wash Down the Drain.

  16. Brake System Principles and Operation • Brake Linings • Composition is a mixture of “stuff”. Caution - Organic Linings may still contain asbestos. • Linings are produced in batches called “Lots”. Linings produced in two different lots may have different braking characteristics. • Lining Edge Codes identify the manufacturer, lot #, compound, & COF.

  17. Overview • Brake System Principles and Operation • Base Brake Diagnosis • Master Cylinders & Hydraulic Systems • Balance Control Systems • Warning Systems • Wheel Bearings • Drum Brakes • Disc Brakes • Machining Drums and Rotors • Power Brake Boosters

  18. Base Brake Diagnosis • Brake System Performance Evaluation • Common Brake Concerns Include: • Brake Vibration • Grabbing Brakes • Excessive Brake Pedal Effort • Pulling Brakes

  19. Base Brake Diagnosis • Common Concerns cont. • Spongy Brake Pedal • Dropping Brake Pedal • Low Brake Pedal • Dragging Brakes • No Brake Pedal • Brake Warning Light On • Braking Noise

  20. Base Brake Diagnosis • Brake System Inspection • Checking Brake Pedal Action Includes: • Pedal Height • Pedal Free-play • Reserve Distance • Checking Brake Fluid • Visual Inspection • Test Strips • Brake Fluid Boiling Point Tester

  21. Base Brake Diagnosis • Checking for Leaks • Checking the Parking Brake • Disc Brake Inspection • Worn Out Friction Material • 3mm min. • Material Separation • Missing or Broken Pad Clips

  22. Base Brake Diagnosis • Disc or Rotor Damage • Scoring • Cracking • Heat Checking • Rust Pitting • Worn Beyond Specs. • Excessive Runout • Lack of Parallelism • Material Transfer

  23. Base Brake Diagnosis • Drum Brake Inspection • Frozen (Rusted) Adjusters • Spring Damage • Weakened Springs • Missing Springs • Broken Springs

  24. Base Brake Diagnosis • Worn Out Friction Material • 1.5 mm min. • Material Separation • Drum Damage • Cracking • Hard Spots • Heat Checking • Scoring • Worn Beyond Specs. • Material Transfer

  25. End of Brake System Principles and Operation

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