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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style

Industry, Empire and the Realist Style. Industrialism Nationalism Realism. Population Changes. During the 19 th Century the population of Europe doubled Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating US Canada South America Australia/New Zealand. Industrial Revolution. 1750 to 1850

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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style

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  1. Industry, Empire and the Realist Style Industrialism Nationalism Realism

  2. Population Changes • During the 19th Century the population of Europe doubled • Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating • US • Canada • South America • Australia/New Zealand

  3. Industrial Revolution • 1750 to 1850 • Starts in England • Steam engine • Textile production • Rise of factories • Mass production • Urbanization • Rise of corporations

  4. England’s Industries

  5. Coal Mining in Britain

  6. Young Coal Miners

  7. British PigIron Production

  8. Factory Production • Concentrates production in one place [materials, labor]. • Located near sources of power [rather than labor or markets]. • Requires a lot of capital investment [factory, machines, etc.] more than skilled labor.

  9. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

  10. The Factory System • Rigid schedule. • 12-14 hour day. • Dangerous conditions. • Mind-numbing monotony.

  11. Young “Bobbin-Doffers”

  12. Stereotype of the Factory Owner

  13. “Upstairs/Downstairs” Life

  14. The Power Loom

  15. James Watt’s Steam Engine

  16. Steam Ship

  17. Steam Ships in the Opium War

  18. Steam Locomotive

  19. Impact of the Railroad

  20. Industrial Staffordshire

  21. Percentage of World Manufacturing Output 1750 - 1900

  22. Nationalism Unification of Germany Unification of Italy Expansion of Russia Western economic control of Africa, Latin America and Asia

  23. Unification of Italy

  24. Unification of Germany

  25. Expansion of Russia

  26. Colonialism

  27. Political Shifts • Democracy • Extension of the vote to the working class • Suffrage movement • Socialism • Based on work of Marx and Engels

  28. Suffrage • Emmeline Pankhurst • Women’s Party in 1917: • Equal pay for equal work. • Equal marriage & divorce laws. • A national system of maternity benefits.

  29. Representation of the People Act (1918) • Women over 30 got the right to vote. • All men gained suffrage.

  30. The Socialists:Utopians and Marxists • The people operate and own the means of production, not individuals. • Goal - society benefits everyone, not just the rich. • Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].

  31. Realism Response to the social and economic consequences of industrialism Objective and un-idealized Socially conscious to issues of class and gender

  32. Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851

  33. Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851

  34. Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851

  35. Paris Exposition 1889 • World’s Fair held in honor of the French Revolution Centennial. • The Eiffel Tower, completed in 1889, served as the entrance to the Fair.

  36. Paris Exposition 1889Gallery of Machinery

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