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The History of American Media – Part 2

The History of American Media – Part 2. Exaggerate the news to create sensation that attracts readers. Yellow Journalism. Most notable yellow journalists were William Randolph Hearst, publisher of the New York Journal, and Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the New York World.

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The History of American Media – Part 2

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  1. The History of American Media – Part 2 Exaggerate the news to create sensation that attracts readers

  2. Yellow Journalism • Most notable yellow journalists were William Randolph Hearst, publisher of the New York Journal, and Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the New York World. • These newspapers attracted huge audiences, and competition among each others’ most talented writers was fierce. • The period was perfect for the circulation-building exploits of Nellie Bly, the name used by Elizabeth Cockrane, the most famous of the women journalists beginning to make names for themselves.

  3. Yellow Journalism • Bly worked for Pulitzer’s World and was noted for her “stunts.” These were stories in which she made a name for herself. She pretended to mentally ill and was committed to New York’s Blackwell Island Asylum. When she was released after ten days, she wrote a story exposing the asylum’s poor conditions. This story sparked reform. • During this period a movement began in Cuba to seek independence from Spain. The World and the Journal whipped up a war climate in support of the Cuban nationalists and tried to lure the US into the conflict.

  4. Yellow Journalism • When the battleship USS Maine blew up in Havana harbor in 1898, the Hearst paper featured a huge drawing and headline read: DESTRUCTION OF THE WAR SHIP MAINE WAS THE WORK OF AN ENEMY. Congress demanded that Spain leave the island, and war resulted. • The press isn’t solely to blame for the Spanish-American War, the yellow journalism of the time certainly contributed to an unhealthy atmosphere.

  5. Yellow Journalism • The Pulitzer name lives on through the Pulitzer Prize and some distinguished newspapers. Today the Hearst chain of newspapers is much smaller. • Muckracking: The end of yellow journalism ushered in a period when American newspapers developed a significant social consciousness.

  6. Muckracking • Many papers crusaded for child labor laws, promoted hospitals, collected money for the needy, and exposed public graft. • Social justice kicked off. Corruption was battled. The Pure Food and Drugs Act of 1906 grew out of the crusades, as did many other reforms. Ida Tarbell’s series on “The History of the Standard Oil Company” in McClure’s was one of the first attacks on big business. • Her reporting put Rockefeller, Standard Oil’s President, on the defensive for years to come.

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