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Chapter 1—History of American Media

Chapter 1—History of American Media. Sedition. “The stirring of rebellion” In pre-revolutionary war years, newspapers that attempted to criticize the government were found guilty of the charge . Libel. WRITTEN defamation of character.

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Chapter 1—History of American Media

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  1. Chapter 1—History of American Media

  2. Sedition • “The stirring of rebellion” • In pre-revolutionary war years, newspapers that attempted to criticize the government were found guilty of the charge.

  3. Libel • WRITTEN defamation of character. • False statements of damage against another person or institution—can also be broadcasted (from written text) • Zenger trial in 1735 was first to use “TRUTH” as a defense against libel

  4. The First Amendment

  5. Yellow Journalism • The unethical, irresponsible journalism given to hoaxes, altered photos, screaming headlines, “scoops”, frauds, and endless promotions of the newspapers. • Pulitzer & Hearst • Name comes from the comic strip “the Yellow Kid”

  6. The Pulitzer Prize • Highest award a writer or photographer can receive in the field of journalism

  7. Muckrakers • Writers that investigated and reported on social injustices in the early 1900s. • The term was given to the writers as a criticism, but the writers considered it to be a “badge of honor”

  8. Other important points in the chapter… • “Publick Occurrences”—first American newspaper • 14 years later, “Boston News-Letter” was the first continuously published newspaper “by authority”—had government approval • Stamp Act—caused papers to align with political parties, which created the “partisan press”

  9. Penny Press • “New York Sun” • Benjamin Day mass-produced papers and sold them for a penny • Able to reach a larger audience and increase literacy among the lower classes

  10. Telegraph • Invented in 1844 • Impacted reporting on the Civil War • Started the Inverted Pyramid style of writing • The forerunner of the Associated Press (AP) due to the speed of reporting

  11. Yellow Journalism Hearst Pulitzer

  12. Yellow Journalism • Hearst • New York Journal • Pulitzer • New York World --named for a popular comic strip that the 2 papers battled over, “The Yellow Kid”

  13. Radio • DeForest made improvements on vacuum tube in 1906 for radio • DeForest made first newscast in 1916 • KDKA—1st radio station; Harding-Cox presidential election returns of 1920 • NBC (1926) • CBS (1927) • ABC (1945) • Radio Act of 1927—Created the Federal Radio Commission—forerunner of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

  14. Television • First newscast took place in 1940 • In every home by the late 1950s • Led to newspapers focusing less on breaking news and more in-depth reporting • Cable TV had a huge impact on society • Vietnam War—first broadcasted war images • Gulf War • September 11, 2001 • Keeps the interest of adults ages 18-25

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