FAA Aviation Weather Group

1. FAA Aviation Weather Group Status of Right Sizing Project

2. Right Sizing High Level Activities • Assess the state of the sensor network and begin defining a path towards a NextGen sensor network. • Identify and analyze sensor gaps that exist between current and planned sensor capabilities required in the NextGen NAS. • Identify gap mitigation strategies, technologies and alternatives that minimize the cost, schedule and risks associated with fielding the NextGen sensor network. • Investigate, analyze and document flexible, adaptive sensing techniques to ensure that advanced technologies such as real time performance monitoring are leveraged in NextGen. • Ensure that all new or alternative sensor technologies are compatible with NextGen communications and processing architectures and plans (e.g. NNEW/SWIM, NWP). • Begin delivering a fully integrated Airport Surface Observing Capability.

3. Right Sizing Team • BCI, Inc. System engineering support and program management • NCAR In-situ, satellite and ground observations • LL Radar and wind shear detection services • OU Flexible, adaptable sensor networks • NOAA ESRL Non-Federal sensors, data QC • NOAA NSSL Advanced radar gap mitigation and multi sensor applications

4. Latest Weather Roadmap - draft CY 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 ASR-WSP TR1 ASR-WSP TDWR TDWR SLEP 1 FID 104 IID 77 IARD 407 Wind Shear Detection Service Portfolio WSDS Work Package 1 (Legacy Sustain) (TDWR SLEP2, WSP TR 2/3, LLWAS SLEP) IARD 37 FID 444 TDWR, WSP, LIDAR & LLWAS Wind Shear Service ISD 651 IID 649 FID 650 WSDS Work Package 2 (NextGen Instantiation) Expansion (Add’l LIDAR, New Reqs,TDWR SLEP 3) IARD 648 CRDR 647 NEXRAD & Expansion 659 IID 77 FID 104 CRDR667 IARD 407 ASR-8/9/11 WX Channel X ISD 408 NextGen Surveillance and Wx Radar Capability FAASensors CRDR667 IID 77 IARD 407 NEXRAD Product Improvement & Dual Polarization FID 104 X NEXRAD NextGen RWI Solution Set IARD 653 ASWON Portfolio FID 654 ASWON TR (Limited Processor) ASOS TR P3I Last Consolidated System 1st Consolidated System Begin Sensor Integration Surface Weather Observing Service AWOS, AWSS, ASOS, SAWS, DASI, F420 NextGen Surface Observing Capability Sensors, Terminal Architecture & Processing) ISD 447 IARD 85 CRDR 652 IID 445 FID 446 Deployment ( ~ 900 sites) JAWS Non FAA Sensors Non-Fed AWOS 93 ACFT Wx Sensors NextGen RWI Solution Set NextGen RWI Solution Set Auto PIREP Entry ERAM PIREPS FID 111 481 673 Lightning Data Supporting Activities Supporting Activities Inventory Time & Frequency Reqm’ts; Assess GPS Outage Impact 344 345 Evaluate Multi-Function Phased Array Radar Technology (MPAR) IARD 407 Develop Inter-Agency Requirements for Wx & Air Domain Surveillance 93 IARD 407 Wx Right Sizing Study for NextGen Observing (Sfc Automated & Radar) Capabilities (AJP & AJW)

5. NextGen Requirements for Weather Observations • 2009 • Functional requirements for wx observations. • Preliminary portfolio requirements. • 2010 • SAS performance requirements. • Currently available for SDO airspace. • Expect En Route requirements soon. FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA) Four-Dimensional Weather Data Cube SINGLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE (SAS) Final Performance Requirements (fPR) Version 1.0 September 30, 2009

6. FY 09 Sensor Assessment • Right Sizing Sensor Assessment Database • 308 functional requirements • Linked to preliminary performance requirements • 854 entries • 95 platforms surveyed • Right Sizing Sensor Assessment Report • Summary of assessment activities and initial findings • Identified 45 initial gaps • Define categories of gaps • Recently received update for Airborne Observations

7. Activities Service Analysis Gap Identification Reports Current/Future Capabilities Assessments Functional & Performance Requirements Gap Analysis Reports & Gap Assignments Policies and Plans Gap Identification Demonstration Results/Reports Architecture and Roadmaps Gap Analysis Technology Assessments Gap Mitigation Planning IARD & Design Recommendations Use Cases Demonstrations CRDR & Acquisition Recommendations Motivators Recommended Requirements Revisions Gap Mitigation Activities Externally generated inputs Right Sizing Core Processes Outputs Right Sizing Process Outputs Right Sizing Process Combination of Right Sizing and external Actions

8. FY10 Activities • Begin to identify and quantify gaps in sensor coverage • Core meteorological activities occur in this area. • Investigate sensor data format requirements for advanced data set assimilation • Begin flexible terminal architecture capability system engineering efforts

9. SDO Airspace – Gap ID • Gap Identification – utilize latest performance requirements, sensor assessment database and additional research to produce a detailed report of ground and airborne SDO gaps. • Portfolio of reports: • Radar – coverage, terminal winds, microburst detection • Ground sensors: ASOS, AWOS • Airborne – sensor assessment, proposed update to functional and performance requirements, gap ID.

10. SDO Gap ID - Radar • OEP TERMINAL AND CONUS WEATHER RADAR COVERAGE ANALYSIS FOR NEXTGEN INITIAL OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY • The initial results of a weather radar coverage analysis. • An initial step towards identifying and analyzing the sensor spatial coverage deficiencies relative to the NextGen 4D Wx SAS performance requirements.

11. SDO Gap ID – Wind Hazards Detection • Analysis of Ground-Based Radar Low-Altitude Wind-Shear Detection in OEP Terminal Airspace for NextGen -Submitted by MIT Lincoln Laboratory, September 1,2010 -The focus of the study is to generate 2D low-altitude microburst and gust-front visibility data to show the current and potential coverage in SDO terminal airspaces.

12. SDO Gap ID - Ground • Verified sensor locations recorded in several federal data bases • Radars all located within low CERs of indicated locations • ASOS sensor locations contained systematic errors • Some databases list ASOS location at airport center • Data provided by ASOS program office proved the most accurate although it still contained errors • 30% of OEP sensors not in recorded locations • Sensors moved after installation • GPS errors • Transcription errors • Updated locations will be provided when available • Still trying to locate central database of RVR locations • LLWAS locations to be verified, so far fairly reliable

13. Philadelphia International Airport Sensor and Deicing Pad Locations

14. Denver International Airport Airport Sensors and Nearby Sensor Systems

15. Advanced Data Set Assimilation • Apply common data formats, protocols (WFS, WCS). • Makes real-time performance feedback of observations possible. • Transform and incorporate two advanced data sets. • MRMS (Multi Radar Multi Sensor)1 – Multi sensor, gap mitigating application. • MADIS – Federal and non-federal surface and airborne networks, advanced quality control. • Potential for the economic addition of additional sensor data to the NAS. Creating Metadata Database describing surface sensing systems • ESRL has produced a detailed report on the effort of making MADIS data sets available via the NNEW WFSRI • Gap Mitigation – Data Assimilation – Geospatial/temporal Optimization Plan 1 Included in 2010 NNEW summer demo with data sets and display client.

16. MRMS • 3D Radar Mosaic currently at 1km and 2 min updates • Integrates satellite, model and surface obs • Output NNEW Compatible NetCDF CF • MRMS Composite Reflectivity, VIL, QA and other mosaics will be hosted on NNEW WCS RI • Now running at the WJHTC

17. MADIS Currently there are no policies to govern the “voluntary” contribution of weather data into the NAS MADIS HRRR CIWS/ CoSPA RAPT Oklahoma Mesonet Urbanet Tenn.State Highway Network Clarus Network of Networks Non Federal sources of Surface Weather Data Delaware State Highway Network Virginia State Highway Network

18. Flexible Terminal Sensor Network • Flexible Terminal Sensing Capability Planning • Plan to demonstrate adaptable, flexible sensor network applicable to SDO and other terminal airspaces. (As described in the “Super Density Operations Adaptive/Flexible Sensing Integration Plan” submitted by University of Oklahoma, October 15,2010) • Plan to investigate advanced radar sensing capabilities. • Plan to ingest, process and evaluate data from a sensor network of varying density. • Enumerate and analyze projected life-cycle cost savings of integrated solution. • Identify and investigate needed support infrastructure in terminal area.

19. Current Terminal Sensor Configuration RVR LLWAS ASOS Touchdown Sensor Group LLWAS RVR LLWAS ASOS Main Sensor Group SAWS F420 LWE RVR LLWAS

20. NextGen Terminal Weather Sensors LWE Collector NNEW LWE

21. Collector Functionality NNEW Services LLWAS DASI LWE Primary Collector CASA type Weather Radar Secondary Collector F420 ASOS

22. Flexible Terminal Sensor Capability • Includes NextGen fundamental principles of netcentricity, common data models and communication. • Includes Systems Engineering principles to reduce life cycle costs. • Based on NextGen performance requirements for SDO airspace. • Include provisions to support currently known and near-term requirements. • Maximizes flexibility to configure the airspace. • Initial design document and market survey for sensor capabilities proposed for FY11. • Leverage existing Airport real estate and communications channels

23. Backups

24. Categories of Gaps • Knowledge Gap where there is not enough understanding on how to make measurements. • Engineering Gap where the technology necessary for building the needed sensor exists. • Operational Gap sensor is built and deployed for research, but time and effort are still needed to bring it to robust operational status. • Spatial Coverage Gap the spatial domain over which the requirement is defined is not completely covered. • Temporal Coverage Gap the required time coverage (e.g., 24/7) cannot be met. • Performance Gap if any of the performance requirements are not met. • Communication Gap access to the sensor product is restricted or if the data transfer infrastructure is inadequate. • Dynamic Gap temporary void due to sensor failure, network or power interruption, sabotage, or a natural disaster. • Metadata Gap hinder the proper characterization, dissemination, and usage of the sensor product.