Chapter Quiz Universe

1. Chapter Quiz Universe Chapter 1: Approaching Democracy

2. A system of government in which the people rule, either directly or through elected representatives, is called a(n)� a. socialist system of government. b. aristocracy c. monarchy d. democracy. e. oligarchy. Answer: D Page Ref: 10Answer: D Page Ref: 10

3. The phrase, �S� Se Puede!� is Spanish for� a. �Where is the restroom?� b. �Stick it to the Gringos!� c. �It Can Be Done.� d. �Support Your Local Union.� e. �My house is your house.� Answer: C Page Ref: 6Answer: C Page Ref: 6

4. According to the text, the closest approximation of direct democracy in the U.S. is the New England� a. straw poll. b. town hall meeting. c. caucus d. primary election e. majority rule. Answer: B Page Ref: 11Answer: B Page Ref: 11

5. American democracy, as we know it today, is the consequence of� a. the tireless efforts of George W. Bush. b. a joint session of Congress held on July 21, 1990. c. free elections held every four years. d. a long evolutionary process. e. the poetry of Bob Dylan. Answer: D Page Ref: 8Answer: D Page Ref: 8

6. The modern civil rights movement started in Montgomery, AL when� a. a woman was refused service in a segregated restaurant and started a protest. b. a �whites only� primary rule was overturned in federal court. c. an African-American church was bombed by white supremacists d. George Wallace first delivered �Segregation Forever!� campaign speech. e. an African-American woman refused to give up her seat on a city bus to a white man and was arrested. Answer: E Page Ref: 20Answer: E Page Ref: 20

7. In 1896 Supreme Court�s decision in __ held that states could segregate public facilities along racial lines in a case called� a. Bowers v. Hardwick b. Furman v. Georgia c. Plessy v. Ferguson d. Missouri v. Gaines e. Dred Scott v. Sandford Answer: C Page Ref: 20Answer: C Page Ref: 20

8. The number of Hispanics in California __ in the last decade. a. grew slightly b. grew dramatically c. held steady d. shrank slightly e. shrank dramatically Answer: B Page Ref: 7Answer: B Page Ref: 7

9. Between 2000-2005, the Hispanic population in the United States increased by roughly __ percent. a. 8 b. 12 c. 17 d. 29 e. 37 Answer: C Page Ref: 7Answer: C Page Ref: 7

10. Proposals submitted by a state legislature to the public for popular vote are called� a. loya jurgas. b. diets. c. public decrees. d. referenda. e. public initiatives. Answer: D Page Ref: 10Answer: D Page Ref: 10

11. Cesar Chavez built which of the following organizations? a. Southern Christian Leadership Conference b. United Farm Workers Union c. Students for a Democratic Society d. AFL-CIO e. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee Answer: B Page Ref: 6Answer: B Page Ref: 6

12. A type of government in which people govern themselves, vote on policies and laws, and live by majority rule is called a(n)� a. republic. b. howling chaos. c. majoritarian authoritarian regime. d. direct democracy. e. oligarchy. Answer: D Page Ref: 11Answer: D Page Ref: 11

13. A system of limited government that allows for indirect representation of the popular will is called a(n)� a. genuine democracy. b. republic. c. plebiscite. d. nation. e. oligarchy. Answer: B Page Ref: 14Answer: B Page Ref: 14

14. According to the 2004-2005 Freedom House study, the number of countries that were designated as �not free� __ in 2005. a. disappeared completely. b. decreased. c. remained the same. d. increased slightly. e. increased dramatically. Answer: B Page Ref: 12Answer: B Page Ref: 12

15. The principle holding that if more than half of citizens agree on an issue then the entire population will abide by the decision is called� a. equality of opportunity. b. equality of outcomes. c. direct democracy. d. majority rule. e. rule by plurality. Answer: D Page Ref: 11Answer: D Page Ref: 11

16. As the second U.S. President __ has remarked, �democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself.� a. George Washington b. Benjamin Franklin c. Thomas Jefferson d. Andrew Jackson e. John Adams Answer: E Page Ref: 14Answer: E Page Ref: 14

17. All of the following are measures taken by the Constitution�s framers to dilute the political influence of the people, EXCEPT� a. the president would selected by an Electoral College. b. representation in the House of Representatives would be apportioned among the state on the basis of state equality. c. the Supreme Court would be nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. d. the Senate would be chosen by state legislatures rather than by the people. e. all of the above. Answer: B Page Ref: 14Answer: B Page Ref: 14

18. Representative democracy is a system of government in which voters select legislators to represent and protect their interests. This plan� a. was designed by the Supreme Court. b. is not consistent with the principles and values of the framers of the Constitution. c. dilutes the influence of common people. d. totally removes common people from the decision-making process. e. is designed to privilege the voice of the common people. Answer: C Page Ref: 13Answer: C Page Ref: 13

19. Which two features of effective democracy were common to New England town meetings? a. equality and majority rule. b. self-government and rule of law. c. self-government and an organized opposition. d. suppression of dissent and majoritarianism. e. misogyny and segregation. Answer: A Page Ref: 11Answer: A Page Ref: 11

20. In his inaugural address, President __ made reference to the �sacred principle that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will to be rightful must be reasonable.� a. George Washington b. John Adams c. Thomas Jefferson d. James Madison e. James Monroe Answer: C Page Ref: 18Answer: C Page Ref: 18

21. The idea that people should have equal rights and chances to develop their talents is described by the text as� a. relative equality. b. equality of outcomes. c. weighted equality. d. equality of opportunity. e. liberal equality. Answer: D Page Ref: 16Answer: D Page Ref: 16

22. The type of equality that would redistribute wealth from the �haves� to the �have-nots� is called� a. relative equality. b. equality of results. c. paupers� justice. d. equality of opportunity. e. liberal equality. Answer: B Page Ref: 16Answer: B Page Ref: 16

23. Negative freedom implies� a. freedom to write or speak falsely about others. b. trivial freedoms (e.g. freedom to consume alcohol). c. freedom to criticize government. d. freedom from government intervention. e. all of the above. Answer: D Page Ref: 15Answer: D Page Ref: 15

24. All of the following are elements of democracy EXCEPT� a. an executive elected by a popular majority. b. an independent judiciary. c. civilian control of the military and police. d. regularly scheduled elections. e. popular participation. Answer: A Page Ref: 19-23Answer: A Page Ref: 19-23

25. Often described as the right �to be left alone,� the text�s authors argue that this right means that government should stay out of the personal lives of others. a. autonomy b. personal liberty c. the right to privacy d. the presumption of innocence e. majority rule Answer: C Page Ref: 15Answer: C Page Ref: 15

26. Part of the challenge with government trying to maintain order and stability is that� a. order and stability are expensive. b. the doesn�t appreciate order and stability. c. order and stability are impossible to achieve in a postmodern world. d. order and stability are inversely correlated with justice. e. government actions directed toward order and stability tend to place limits on freedom and equality. Answer: E Page Ref: 16-17Answer: E Page Ref: 16-17

27. Majority rule� a. works only when all citizens share the same religious beliefs. b. works best when consensus has been achieved through negotiation and compromise, persuasion, and voting. c. is not a defining characteristic of democracy. d. is, by definition, antithetical to the concept of minority rights. e. inevitably produces cross-cutting cleavages that fragment society and are harmful to public order. Answer: B Page Ref: 17Answer: B Page Ref: 17

28. According to the 2004-2005 Freedom House study, the country of __ was moved from �Free� to �Partly Free� due to credible allegations of electoral fraud, corruption, and political intimidation of government opponents. a. Nigeria b. Chad c. Afghanistan d. the Philippines e. Mexico Answer: D Page Ref: 12-13Answer: D Page Ref: 12-13

29. Democracy in ancient Athens was based on two conditions� a. equality of all citizens and due process under the law. b. face-to-face political discussion and exclusivity in political participation. c. universal suffrage and free speech. d. minority rights and full access of all citizens to political institutions. e. public nudity of all public officials and free wine during elections. Answer: B Page Ref: No longer in the text, but the correct answer is B.Answer: B Page Ref: No longer in the text, but the correct answer is B.

30. Universal suffrage� a. means that all eligible adults should be forced to vote. b. means that all eligible adult citizens should have the opportunity to vote. c. has always been a core value of American democracy d. is more important for political candidates than for voters. e. implies that a polity cannot place restrictions on eligibility for voting. Answer: B Page Ref: 18Answer: B Page Ref: 18

31. The Fifteenth Amendment� a. banned the institution of involuntary servitude in all forms. b. required that the states respect the due process and equal protection rights of all its citizens. c. denied former Confederate soldiers the right to vote. d. allowed the federal government to institute an income tax. e. gave African-American males the right to vote. Answer: E Page Ref: 18Answer: E Page Ref: 18

32. The Nineteenth Amendment� a. banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol. b. subjected senatorial candidates to statewide elections. c. gave all women the right to vote. d. limited presidential eligibility to two terms or ten total years in office. e. allowed the federal government to institute an income tax. Answer: C Page Ref: 18Answer: C Page Ref: 18

33. The Twenty-sixth Amendment� a. gave African-Americans the right to vote. b. gave all adult women the right to vote. c. gave residents of the District of Columbia separate status as a voting district with two Senate seats and one member of the House of Representatives. d. lowered the minimum voting age from 21 to 18. e. set up a process for removing an incapacitated or incompetent president. Answer: D Page Ref: 18Answer: D Page Ref: 18

34. The highest honor that the U.S. government can give a civilian is the� a. Nobel Peace Prize. b. Medal of Honor. c. Knighthood of Cincinnatus. d. Presidential Medal of Freedom. e. Congressional Medal of Honor. Answer: D Page Ref: No longer in this edition, but the correct answer is DAnswer: D Page Ref: No longer in this edition, but the correct answer is D

35. The principle of civilian control of the military and police allowed President Truman to fire General __ during the Korean Conflict. a. Dwight Eisenhower b. George Patton c. Jack Pershing d. William Westmoreland e. Douglas MacArthur Answer: E Page Ref: 23Answer: E Page Ref: 23

36. Among the five options, only __ is(are) an example of an interest group. a. the Libertarian Party b. the U.S. Marine Corps c. the National Rifle Association d. African-Americans e. homosexuals Answer: C Page Ref: find itAnswer: C Page Ref: find it

37. According to the text, citizens have an inherent right to� a. party all night long. b. property. c. health care. d. possess firearms. e. privacy. Answer: E Page Ref: 21Answer: E Page Ref: 21

38. In dictatorships, political parties come and go, but the group that controls __ is the real power. a. the means of production b. the police and military c. the support of the wealthiest 1 % d. the passions of the masses e. the poor Answer: B Page Ref: 22Answer: B Page Ref: 22

39. According to the authors, a defining characteristic of the American polity is� a. xenophobic hatred of illegal immigrants. b. an unshakable belief in the infallibility of whoever occupies the Oval Office. c. its reverence of the military. d. its commitment to preserve freedom and equality for all. e. its rejection of the legitimacy of elections. Answer: D Page Ref: 18Answer: D Page Ref: 18

40. Freedom is a value which suggests that no individual should be within the power or under the control of another a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 15Answer: True Page Ref: 15

41. The idea that all forms of inequality, including economic disparities, should be completely eradicated is called equality of result. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 16Answer: True Page Ref: 16

42. The system that occurs when a group seeks to influence public policy by allying with other groups is called tyranny. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 18Answer: False Page Ref: 18

43. Majority rule is the decision-making process in which, when more than half of the citizens agree on an issue, the entire group accepts the decision, even those in the minority who voted against it. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

44. Democracy evolved over time in America, and it is still evolving today. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 8Answer: True Page Ref: 8

45. An independent judiciary is one of the five elements of democracy. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 19-23Answer: True Page Ref: 19-23

46. In a direct democracy, voters designate a small number of people to represent their interests. Those representatives then meet in a legislative body and make decisions on behalf of the entire citizenry. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 11Answer: False Page Ref: 11

47. The closest American approximation to direct democracy are the New England town meetings. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

48. All adults were eligible to participate in ancient Athenian politics. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 30Answer: False Page Ref: 30

49. The Czechoslovakian statesman Vaclov Havel has argued that American democracy is fundamentally corrupt. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 8Answer: False Page Ref: 8

50. In an authoritarian regime citizens exercise greater freedoms than do citizens in a democracy. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 11Answer: False Page Ref: 11

51. Today, many Islamic nations are characterized by democratic governments and open societies. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 12Answer: False Page Ref: 12

52. In 1835, when Alexis de Tocqueville described America as the picture of democracy, he was not suggesting that American was perfect. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 10Answer: True Page Ref: 10

53. In a representative democracy, citizens choose their leaders from among competing groups and individuals. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 13Answer: True Page Ref: 13

54. A referendum is a proposal submitted by common citizens to the state representatives for consideration. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 11-12Answer: False Page Ref: 11-12

55. An authoritarian regime is a form of government in which people are denied many basic liberties. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

56. Direct democracy works best is large, diverse communities like Chicago, Illinois or Los Angeles, California. a. True b. False Answer: FalsePage Ref: 11Answer: FalsePage Ref: 11

57. In an indirect democracy, voters elect a small number of delegates to represent their interests in a legislative assembly. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

58. The principle of equality holds that every citizen should be guaranteed his or her own home. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 11Answer: False Page Ref: 11

59. Majority rule is a prominent and inescapable feature of a democratic state. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

60. In a society like ours, where public policy is determined by majority rule, minority groups have no rights. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 17Answer: False Page Ref: 17

61. Direct democracies are only feasible in small, homogenous communities. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 11Answer: True Page Ref: 11

62. Representative democracy frees citizens from the everyday demands of governing and policy making. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 17Answer: True Page Ref: 17

63. The framers of the Constitution equated direct democracy with �rule by the mob.� a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 30Answer: True Page Ref: 30

64. None of the ideals of American democracy are derived from the ancient Athenian model of democracy. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 15Answer: False Page Ref: 15

65. Democratic governments have always guaranteed full political rights to all citizens. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 14Answer: False Page Ref: 14

66. The concepts of freedom and equality are perfectly compatible. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 15Answer: False Page Ref: 15

67. Negative freedom implies freedom from government interference. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 15Answer: True Page Ref: 15

68. The right to equal protection under the law is an example of positive freedom. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 15Answer: True Page Ref: 15

69. The idea that government must not interfere with a citizen�s right to exercise certain freedoms does not mean that it has no obligation to actively ensure that those freedoms can be exercised. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 16-17Answer: True Page Ref: 16-17

70. Equality of result and equality of opportunity are logically identical. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 16Answer: False Page Ref: 16

71. All political systems seek to maintain social order and provide stability. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 16-17Answer: True Page Ref: 16-17

72. Political parties are the same as interest groups. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 20Answer: False Page Ref: 20

73. Only Congress can exercise the power of judicial review. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 23Answer: False Page Ref: 23