Safety Science Group Delft University of Technology

1. Modelling self-reliance, evacuation and fire fighting activities during a large fire in a public building – a dynamic approach Daniela Hanea MSc.: d.m.hanea@tudelft.nl Simone Sillem MSc.: s.sillem@tudelft.nl Ellen Jagtman PhD Erik Wiersma MSc. Safety Science Group Delft University of Technology

2. Outline: • Background • Introduction • General framework • Current knowledge about fire and evacuation processes and organisation • Model • Conclusions

3. Background • PhD researchers, Safety Science Group, Delft University of Technology • Professor Ben Ale, Disaster Management

4. Introduction • Large fire in public building • Fire development • Fire fighting activities • Evacuation activities • Relationship between these activities unclear

5. General framework • Operation of a system: optimising processes • Accidents: deviations from the intended • operations • Model: all phases from the moment of loss of • control • The main organisation levels can be defined as: • Fire process – Evacuation - Fire fighting organisation

6. Fire Process

7. Evacuation and self-reliance • Fire in a building -> evacuation needed • Self-reliance & emergency self-reliance • Phases of evacuation: • - Detection • - Recognition • - Interpretation • - Start evacuation

8. Fire fighting organisation

9. Model

10. Conclusions: • Fire = complex situation. • The dynamic model combines accident process models with system models. • The model is used in two disaster management related studies. • Applicability of the model in other research projects (cell broadcasting for citizens alarming), other types of disasters and for other stakeholders.