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What’s the MATTER, part II

What’s the MATTER, part II. Types of Matter. Pure Substance- Matter with a fixed composition It has distinct properties Examples = elements compounds. Mixtures- Most matter is a mixture The composition is not fixed (changes from sample to sample) Two Types – Homogeneous

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What’s the MATTER, part II

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  1. What’s the MATTER, part II

  2. Types of Matter • Pure Substance- • Matter with a fixed composition • It has distinct properties • Examples = elements compounds

  3. Mixtures- • Most matter is a mixture • The composition is not fixed (changes from sample to sample) • Two Types – Homogeneous Heterogeneous

  4. Homogeneous Mixtures • Composition is uniform throughout • Solution- • Particle size = 0.01 – 1 nm • Doesn’t settle out upon standing • Can’t be separated by filtering • Doesn’t scatter light • Example = distilled water

  5. Colloid- • Particle size = 1 – 1000 nm • Doesn’t settle out upon standing • Can’t be separated by filtering • Scatters light (Tyndall Effect) • Examples = milk, gelatin, smoke

  6. Heterogeneous Mixtures • The sample varies in composition, properties and appearance • No uniformity • Particle size is greater than 1000 nm • Particles settle out upon standing • Can be separated by filtration • Might scatter light • Examples = soil, trail mix, pond water

  7. Physical vs. Chemical Properties • Every substance has a unique set of properties (characteristics that identify that substance) • Physical Properties- • Properties that can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance

  8. Physical Property Examples- • Color • Odor • Density • Melting Point • Boiling Point • Hardness • Solubility

  9. Physical Change • A change in matter from one form to another without changing its chemical properties (most can be reversed) • Examples = • Change in state • Dissolving • Compressing

  10. Chemical Properties • Properties that describe the way a substance may change to form other substances • Only observed when a chemical reaction takes place

  11. Chemical Property Examples • Heating to combustion • Reactivity with water or acid • Flammability • Corrosion • Decomposition

  12. Law of Conservation of Mass • In a physical change or a chemical reaction, mass is neither created or destroyed (Antoine Lavoisier)

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