Elias Howe & Isaac Singer

1. Elias Howe& Isaac Singer • Howeinvented the sewing machineàlowered cost of clothing • Singerimproved the sewing machine & built a company that still exists today

2. Cotton Growing • cotton growers could not keep up with demand for cotton because production was slowed down by removing seeds from the fibers

3. Production of Cotton • 1792: 6,000 bales/year • 1820: 400,000 bales/year • 1850: +2 million bales/year • 1860: 4 million bales/year

4. Slave Religion • almost all slaves were devout Christians • Planters sometimes tried to use religion to keep slaves in line (had white preachers conduct services for slaves)

5. 11. Black Preachers • slaves had their own services, sometimes secretly, with black preachers who emphasized hope in the future, especially after death • spirituals were religious songs that reflected this hope • Examples of spirituals include:

6. “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” Swing low, sweet chariot Comin’ for to carry me home Swing low, sweet chariot Comin’ for to carry me home I looked over Jordan & what did I see Comin’ for to carry me home A band of angels comin’ after me Comin’ for to carry me home.

7. “Go Down Moses” When Israel was in Egypt’s land Let my people go Oppressed so hard they could not stand Let my people go Go down, Moses, Way down to Egypt land Tell ol’ Pharoh, Let my people go. The Lord told Moses what to do Let my people go To lead his people right on through Let my people go.

8. “We Are Climbing Jacob’s Ladder” We are climbing Jacob’s ladder (repeat) Soldiers of the Cross. Every rung go higher, higher (repeat) Soldiers of the Cross. Do you want your freedom? (repeat) Soldiers of the Cross

9. Nat Turner’sEffect on South • increased fears of slave revolts • à strict new slave codes were passed • àabolitionist material was censored before it entered South