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Unit 1

Unit 1. Word-Building System: Introduction to Word Parts. Word Parts. Word root Foundation of medical terms Provides basic meaning Examples: gastr = stomach therm = heat micr = small. Word Parts. Combining form Word root + a vowel Use when next part of word starts with consonant

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Unit 1

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  1. Unit 1 Word-Building System: Introduction to Word Parts

  2. Word Parts • Word root • Foundation of medical terms • Provides basic meaning • Examples: • gastr = stomach • therm = heat • micr = small

  3. Word Parts • Combining form • Word root + a vowel • Use when next part of word starts with consonant • Examples: • gastr/o = gastr/o/scope • therm/o = therm/o/meter • micr/o = micr/o/film

  4. Word Parts • Building words from word parts:

  5. Word Parts • Suffix • Word ending that adds to meaning of word root or combining form • Examples: • -ic • gastr/ic = pertaining to stomach • -ectomy • gastr/ectomy = surgical removal of stomach • -scope • gastr/o/scope = instrument for viewing interior of stomach

  6. Word Parts • Building words from word parts:

  7. Word Parts • Prefix • Word part in front of word root or combining form that changes meaning of word • Examples: • epi- • epi/gastric = on or over stomach • endo- • endo/gastric = within stomach • sub- • sub/gastric = under stomach

  8. Word-Building Rules • Word root rule • Use when joining word root to another word root or suffix that begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u, or y) • Examples: • ot = ear and -algia = pain • ot/algia = ear pain • arthr = joint and -itis = inflammation • arthr/itis = inflammation of joint

  9. Word-Building Rules • Combining form rule • Use when joining word root to another word root or suffix that begins with a consonant • Examples: • -megaly = large • gastr/o/megaly = large stomach • -scope = instrument for viewing • micr/o/scope = instrument for viewing small objects

  10. Combining Forms

  11. Compound Words • Combination of whole words or combining form + whole word • Examples: • therm/o + meter = therm/o/meter • neur/o + spasm = neur/o/spasm • micr/o + surgery = micr/o/surgery • chicken + pox = chicken/pox

  12. Compound Words

  13. Compound Words • Compound words with hydro- • Examples: • hydr/o = water • hydr/o/phobia = fear of water • hydr/o/cele = water-filled saclike cavity • hydr/o/therapy = treatment using water

  14. Noun Suffixes • Using suffixes to indicate nouns • Noun • Names a person, place, thing, body part, instrument, or procedure • E.g., doctor, hospital, liver, stethoscope, surgery

  15. Noun Suffixes • -ism = condition, state or theory • E.g., Darwin/ism • -tion = condition • E.g., contrac/tion • -ist = specialist • E.g., psychiatr/ist

  16. Noun Suffixes • -er = one who • E.g., radiograph/er • -ity = quality • E.g., sensitiv/ity • -osis = condition • E.g., cyan/osis

  17. Adjectival Suffixes • Adjective • Describes or modifies noun • E.g., chronic cough, reddened skin, triple bypass

  18. Adjectival Suffixes • -ous = possessing, having, or full • E.g., nerv/ous • -able = ability • E.g., inject/able • -ible = ability • E.g., ed/ible

  19. Suffixes that Change Part of Speech

  20. Suffixes that Change Part of Speech

  21. Suffixes that Change Part of Speech • Noun • muc/us = water secretion • Adjective • muc/ous = refers to nature of mucus

  22. Suffixes that Change Verb Tense • Verb • Represents action or state of being • Examples: • Present tense = help, treat, or operate • Present participle = helping, treating, or operating • Past tense = helped, treated, or operated • Future tense = will help, will treat, or will operate

  23. Suffixes that Indicate Singular and Plural

  24. Suffixes that Indicate Singular and Plural

  25. Suffixes that Indicate Singular and Plural

  26. Word-Order Rules • Rule 1 • Definitions indicate last part of word first • E.g., gastr/itis = inflammation of stomach • -itis = inflammation • gastr = (of the) stomach

  27. Word-Order Rules • Rule 2 • When body systems involved, build words in order organs are studied

  28. Word-Order Rules • Rule 2 • E.g., gastr/o/enter/itis = inflammation of stomach and small intestine • -itis = inflammation • gastr/o = stomach • enter = small intestine

  29. Word-Order Rules • Rule 3 • Body parts come first with condition or procedure as ending • Examples: • dermat/o/mycosis = fungal condition of skin • cyst/o/scopy = process of examining urinary bladder with scope

  30. Enlarged • megal/o = combining form • -megaly = suffix • acr/o = extremities • Arms and legs

  31. Enlarged • Examples: • megal/o/cardia = enlarged heart • acr/o/megaly = enlargement of extremities

  32. Skin • dermat/o = skin • dermat/o/logy = study of skin • dermat/o/logist = one who studies and treats skin

  33. Skin • dermat/osis = any skin condition • dermat/itis = inflammation of skin • acr/o/dermat/itis = inflammation of skin of extremities

  34. Animation Click Here to Play Word Parts Worked Together Animation

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