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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Early People and the study of Humans. I. Prehistoric Peoples. Anthropology  the science that deals with the origins, physical and cultural development, biological characteristics, and social customs and beliefs of humankind.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Early People and the study of Humans

  2. I. Prehistoric Peoples Anthropology  the science that deals with the origins, physical and cultural development, biological characteristics, and social customs and beliefs of humankind. hominids  include humans as well as earlier humanlike creatures.

  3. I. Prehistoric People Archaeology  the scientific study of historic or prehistoric peoples and their cultures by analysis of their artifacts, inscriptions, monuments, and other such remains, esp. those that have been excavated.  objects made and used by hominids (artifacts)

  4. I. Prehistoric Peoples What is learned from studying artifacts? • Culture – set of beliefs, knowledge, and patterns of living that a group of people develops • Educated guesses and use knowledge to draw conclusions

  5. I. Prehistoric Peoples Evidence of human like creatures appeared millions of years ago. 1974 – Donald Johanson In Ethiopia  hominid skeleton • Found female hominid skeleton  dating 3 million yrs ago  named her “Lucy” • In Tanzania  Mary Leaky  found skeleton dating 3.7million yrs • Skeleton belonged to a group called the Australopithecus or “southern ape”  walked upright like humans

  6. Characteristics of a Civilization

  7. Where Were The First Civilizations Located? • 1.Nile Valley – Egypt • 2.  Tigris Euphrates – South West Asia • 3.  Indus Valley – Southern Asia • 4.  Huang He [HWANG HOOH] Valley– (yellow river valley) in Northern China

  8. Where Were The First Civilizations Located?

  9. Where were the First Civilizations Located?

  10. Where were the First Civilizations Locate?

  11. Where were the First Civilizations Located?

  12. Five Requirements of Civilizations • Surplus Food • The ability to sustain a civilization • Everyone can eat • Government • Some form to control the people • No Govt = Chaos • Theocracy, Democracy, Republic

  13. Five Requirements of Civilizations • Division of Labor • Specialize in jobs • Cultural Diffusion • Calendar • To predict the yearly floods of the river valleys • Silt - Fertile Soil

  14. Five Requirements of Civilizations • Writing • Scribes (trained) • Hired by government • Used in trade preserving history pass on information • Evolution: Pictograms Ideograms Phonograms Alphabet

  15. Chapter 1 - TAKE-HOME ESSAY QUESTION List and briefly explain the five characteristics of a civilization. As you write, analyze the list to determine which of these characteristics you find to be the most critical attribute of a civilization. That is, decide which characteristic is the most basic and important one. Be certain to give reasons for your choice.

  16. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World The Pharos (Lighthouse) of Alexandria

  17. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

  18. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Colossus of Rhodes

  19. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

  20. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Statue of Zeus

  21. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Hanging Gardens of Babylon

  22. 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Pyramids of Egypt

  23. 7 Wonders of the Modern World The Great Wall of China

  24. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Petra

  25. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Chichen Itza

  26. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Statue of Christ Redeemer

  27. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Colosseum

  28. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Machu Picchu

  29. 7 Wonders of the Modern World Taj Mahal

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