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The Seventy Sevens

The Seventy Sevens. Part 2 of 2 Daniel 9:25-27. Review. Daniel prayed to God asking two basic questions Is Israel soon going to return to Jerusalem? Will God forgive their sins? God responds by sending Gabriel to answer The plan (Dan 9:24) Seventy 7 year cycles (490 years) to

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The Seventy Sevens

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  1. The Seventy Sevens Part 2 of 2 Daniel 9:25-27

  2. Review • Daniel prayed to God asking two basic questions • Is Israel soon going to return to Jerusalem? • Will God forgive their sins? • God responds by sending Gabriel to answer • The plan (Dan 9:24) • Seventy 7 year cycles (490 years) to • finish the transgression • make an end of sins • make reconciliation for iniquity • bring in everlasting righteousness • seal up vision and prophecy • anoint the Most Holy

  3. When to start counting? • Dan 9:25 • The starting point is specified as the command to restore and rebuild Jerusalem • Three possibilities • Cyrus’ command to return and rebuild the temple in 537 BC (Ezra 1:2-4) • But wasn’t a command to rebuild Jerusalem • Artaxerxes’ command to Nehemiah in 445 BC to finish rebuilding Jerusalem (Neh 2:1-6) • But since it was to finish the rebuilding, then there must be an earlier command • Artaxerxes’ earlier command to Ezra in 458 BC to rebuild Jerusalem (Ezr 9:9-10, 7:6-7)

  4. Breaking down the 70 sevens • Dan 9:25-27 • 7 sevens, 62 sevens, final seven • The 7 sevens (49 years) seems to be the period for rebuilding the city (street/walls) • Then 62 sevens (434 years) are passed over without comment • Then the final week when Messiah would come, confirm a covenant, and be cut off, making an end of sacrifices in the middle of that week • If you start from the decree to rebuild (458 BC) • Then city completed by 409 BC (7 sevens) • Then Messiah comes ca AD 26 (62 sevens) • The baptism of Jesus and start of His ministry • Messiah cut-off ca AD 30 (middle of last seven) • The crucifixion

  5. What would Messiah accomplish? • He would “confirm a covenant with many” • Could be reference to the Old Covenant or the New Covenant • But since the Old was passing away, confirming (lit., making strong) would not be needed (Heb 8:7-13) • Also, the covenant was to be “with many”, not just the Jews • He brought in a covenant that blessed all nations (Gen 12:3, Heb 9:15)

  6. What would Messiah accomplish? • He would “bring an end to sacrifice and offering” • With Jesus’ sacrifice, the sacrifices of the Old Law ended (Heb 10:1-10) • Jesus nailed the old law to the cross (Col 2:14) • He abolished the division between Jew and Gentile (Eph 2:13-17) • Thereby also . . . • making an end of sins • making reconciliation for iniquity • bringing in everlasting righteousness • Fulfilling Dan 9:24

  7. The price for rejecting Messiah • “. . . Messiah shall be cut off, but not for Himself;And the people of the prince who is to come Shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end of it shall be with a flood, And till the end of the war desolations are determined. . . . And on the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate, Even until the consummation, which is determined,Is poured out on the desolate.” (Dan 9:26-27) • Israel would, and did, reject the Messiah (Jn 1:11) • As penalty, Jerusalem and the temple would be destroyed by the prince to come, one who makes desolate

  8. The price for rejecting Messiah • Jesus warned of the coming penalty • Lk 19:41-44 • Lk 21:20-24 • Lk 23:27-30 • Mt 21:37-41 • Mt 22:6-7 • Daniel had earlier been told of that time (Dan 7:25) • During the 4th beast (Roman empire) • During the reign of the eleventh ruler, the little horn (Vespasian)

  9. The fulfillment • In AD 66, the Jews, who were subject to Rome, revolted against the empire and fought a bloody war with Rome for several years • Vespasian led the Roman army • Surrounded Jerusalem in AD 69, but withdrew on word of the Emperor’s death • Went to Rome to become Emperor • Titus, Vespasian’s son – and now prince of the empire, took command of the army • Laid siege to Jerusalem for 5 months ending in the summer of AD 70

  10. The fulfillment • Titus “overran the city with his army, destroyed and plundered the temple, and slew the Jews — men, women, and children — by tens of thousands. When their lust for blood had been sated, the Romans carried off into captivity all the able-bodied remnant of the Jews (for they had done away with all the weaklings and the aged), so that not a single Jew was left alive in the city or its vicinity. Only on one day in the year — the day of remembrance of the destruction of the temple — were they allowed to mourn over the city from the neighboring hilltops.” (J.N. Geldenhuys, Commentary on Luke)

  11. Conclusion • God fulfilled His promise • He specified the exact time the Messiah would come • He specified how long He would openly teach (until the middle of the seven – 3 ½ years) • He specified the Messiah would die but not for Himself (not for any wrongs) • He died to bring an end to sins, to reconcile us to the Father, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to make a strong covenant with many, to end the need for more sacrifice and offering • And He warned of the penalty for rejecting the Messiah

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