Systems in Plants

1. Systems in Plants Nelson 4.1 pg. 125-128

2. Plants • They are multicellular organisms • They include mosses, ferns, conifers and flowering plants • They have two distinguishing features: they are green in colour and can not move from place to place • What causes their green colour? • - chlorophyll from their chloroplast organelle

3. Plants perform photosynthesis to make their own food • What do plants require in order to survive? • Plants need to exchange gases with their surroundings • Plants require an internal transportation system to move water and nutrients around within their bodies • They must have a way of reproducing

4. Flowering plants have two main body systems: a root system and a shoot system • What is the root system made up of? • What is the shoot system made up of?

5. Main types of Plant Tissue Systems • Dermal tissue system: is the tissue that forms the outer surface of the plant • Vascular tissue system: is made up of tissue that transports water, minerals and nutrients throughout the plant • Ground tissue system: make up all the other structures within a plant

6. The Root System • This is part of the plant that grows below the ground • This system anchors the plant, absorbs water and minerals from the soil and stores food • Which roots do we eat as food? • - radishes • -carrots

7. The Shoot System • This system is specialized to conduct photosynthesis and produce flowers for sexual reproduction • The shoot system of flowers is made up of three parts. What are they? • - leaf • - flower • - stem

8. The Leaf Look at this leaf!!! This leaf grows in the rainforests of Panama

9. The Leaf • This is where photosynthesis occurs • Light energy + carbon dioxide+ water chlorophyll- glucose + oxygen • The chloroplast is the organelle that performs photosynthesis Chloroplasts

10. Chloroplast • Chloroplasts contain flat, disc-like structures called thylakoids • Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana • The grana are the solar collectors using chlorophyll to convert sun energy into glucose

11. Leaves are used in a variety of ways such as….. • - food • - medicine • - clothing ( i.e. hats)

12. The Flower • Flowers are specialized for sexual reproduction • Flowers contain male / female reproductive structures • The male reproductive structure produce pollen grains • The female reproductive structure produces eggs • Eggs are fertilized by pollen • After pollination, the female flower forms seeds

13. Reproductive Flower Parts A portion of the flower sticks out

14. Female Flower Parts Female parts

15. Pollination occurs with the help of wind or animals • Which flowering plants use the wind for pollination? • - grasses • - trees • Which types of flowering plants use animals for pollination? • - most flowers that are colourful will attract animals • Did you know… • Rice, wheat, corn, vanilla, chocolate, coffee, bananas, apples, mangos, cotton originate from flowers

16. The Stem • The stem has several functions such as • Supports the branches, leaves, and flowers and provides a way to transport materials • The stem has a significant amount of vascular tissue to carry substances to and from roots, leaves, flowers and fruits

17. Your Turn List the foods that come from plant stems. Copy In Summary pg. 128 Do pg. 128 # 1-7