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Common Trade Policy Trans-Atlantic Relations. of the EU. History. GATT 1947 Treaty of Rome 1957 WTO 1994..........EC representation, CTP (Preferencies). Stucture of the lecture:. EU15 and EU25 in trade statistics History of CTradeP and relations International trade policy instruments
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History • GATT 1947 • Treaty of Rome 1957 • WTO 1994..........EC representation, CTP (Preferencies)
Stucture of the lecture: • EU15 and EU25 in trade statistics • History of CTradeP and relations • International trade policy instruments • EC Prafential pyramid • TAR
China 12.3% Russia 7.8% Japan 7.2% USA 15.3% Switzerland 6.0% Norway 5.4% Turkey 3.0% Korea 2.9% Taiwan 2.3% Brazil 2.1% EU25 major import partners:
USA ………24.3% Switzerland…7.8% China ……….5.0% Russia……….4.7% Japan……..…3.9% Turkey…….…3.9% Norway………3.2% Canada…..….2.3% Australia……..2.1% Hong Kong….2.0% EU25 major export partners:
USA China Switzerland Russia Japan Norway Turkey Korea Canada Taiwan Brazil India Singapore Romania South Africa Hong Kong EU25 major trade partners
CTP relations • 2nd pillar : • WEU (Brussel 1948) • Common Foreign and Security Policy • Shengen Accord (1985 5, 1990 all exc. UK,Irl) 97 incorp. to Amst. Treaty, Ac.Com. (…… moved to I. Pillar)
CTP relations • Competition policy • CAP • Industrial policy • Development policy • Commercial diplomacy • Ec. int. with non-members
Instruments • Tariffs • Preferential tariffs • Quotas • Voluntary export restraint • Anti-dumping duties • Price undertakings (instead AD duties) • Regulatory barriers (technical) • Export subsidies (agr. only) • Domestic subsidies (EC, WTO rules) • Licences (only national level)
EC Pyramid of preferencies MS EEA LOME: APC ASSOCIATED C. Bilateral agreements GSP under UNCTAD MFN under GATT,WTO
Trans – Atlantic Relations • Historical development = Co-operation and Rivalry T-A Declaration on EC-US Relations (Nov 1990) – new institutional frame: regular meetings 1995 New Transatlantic Agenda + Joint EU-US Action Plan
TAR Joint EU-US Action Plan: • Peace, stability and democracy round the World • Response to global challenges • World trade • Building Cross-Atlantic bridges for companies, education, science, culture..