Post WWII (1945 – 1980’s)

1. Post WWII(1945 – 1980’s)

2. SS810 • SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970. • a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia’s growth. • b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr., and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. • c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall.

3. Signs of the Times: • Read p. 422 - 423 SS810

4. Population Changes in Georgia • Georgia was a farming state until after WWII. • What did they do for a living? When you do your interview you will be sure to find out. • 1920 = 2.1 million living in rural areas • 1960 = 1.9 million living in rural areas • 1990 = 6,478,149 Georgians – only 1/4th of those people lived in rural areas • Analyze the impact of the transformation of • agriculture on Georgia’s growth. SS810

5. Farming in Georgia • Today less than 2% of Georgians are involved in farming • Most Georgia farms sell less than $10,000 in products a year. SS810

6. Development of Atlanta After WWII • The war brought many factories to Georgia and businesses all over the U.S. began to see many benefits of building a business in Atlanta • 1. Mild Climate • 2. Non-Union Labor Force • 3. Low Business and Individual Income Taxes • 4. Growth of Aviation • 5. Atlanta’s Major League Sports Teams SS810

7. Lockheed & CDC • By the close of the 1950’s, Lockheed was the state’s largest employer http://www.lockheedmartin.com/ https://www.youtube.com/user/LockheedMartinVideos/featured • CDC became the world’s leader in protecting the world from old and new diseases http://www.cdc.gov/ SS810

8. Growth of Aviation in Georgia • Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport • In 1925, Atlanta began developing the current site of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport into an airfield. Originally, it was named Candler Field after the property's former owner's which included Coca-Cola magnate Asa Candler. A year later, two 1,500 foot long dirt strips were built and Florida Airways began delivering mail on the Tampa/Jacksonville/Atlanta rout, becoming the first commercial flight into Candler Field. The following year the first hangars were built on the property. • In June of 1930, Delta Air Service, later known as Delta Air Lines, began passenger service from Birmingham, Ala., in June. In December of that same year, Eastern Air Transport, formerly Pitcairn Aviation inaugurated the first continuous passenger service from Atlanta to New York. • During World War II Atlanta was declared an air base location by the U.S. government and Candler Field doubled in size. In 1942, Candler Field recorded 1,700 takeoffs and landings in a single day and was named the nation's busiest airport, a distinction the current Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport retains today. SS810

9. Today… • In 2005, the airport celebrated 80 years of service. The current name reflects two former Atlanta Mayors: William B. Hartsfield and Maynard H. Jackson, along with its international designation. From its humble beginnings to its present world-class distinction, Georgia's primary airport continues to be a vital link in the world's air transportation system. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dyogKl5khk SS810

10. So who is it named after? SS810

11. William B. HartsfieldMayor of Atlanta • 1928 elected to Atlanta City Council. He was obsessed with airplanes and building an airport. He was given the nickname “Father of Aviation”. • Served as mayor of Atlanta longer than any other mayor in the city’s history. 6 terms from 1937 – 1961. • Helped Atlanta get through the Depression by pinching pennies. • During his terms Atlanta went from 100,000 to 1,000,000 – infrastructure!! • Laws governing people of color changed and he promoted the idea that Atlanta was “A City Too Busy to Hate” SS810

12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPXg9Rk4cfI

13. Ivan Allen Jr. Mayor of Atlanta • He was the only politician from the south supported the Civil Rights Movement and Martin Luther King, Jr. • He is best known for bringing in Atlanta’s sports teams during the 1960’s! (Braves & Falcons in 1966!!!) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRexk_K3HeQ SS810

14. Atlanta Braves • 1966: Milwaukee Braves become Atlanta Braves and play their first game. Ivan Allen had a stadium built for them. When the Braves moved to Atlanta they were the first professional sport team to be located in the South. • 1969 – won the Western Division of the National League • 1970’s - 1980’s – worst team in the nation – despite having ….. SS810

15. Hank Aaron • Who in 1974 set the record for the most home runs in front of a television audience of millions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkjkgyhaNLE SS810

17. Atlanta Braves Make a Come Back • They go on to win the world series in 1995!!!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_u4eGI0aCU&feature=related SS810

18. Other Georgia Teams Atlanta Falcons Established in 1966 Atlanta Thrashers Established in 1999 Atlanta Hawks Established in 1968 SS810

19. Economic Impact of Georgia’s Professional Sports • Even though some of the teams need some improvement, Georgia’s professional teams have brought in billions of dollars to revitalize Atlanta from the 1960’s on. Atlanta is one of the most beautiful and newly built cities in the United States. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcqlQtmQutM&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEdn68C6GI4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-UP76mPUYo SS810

20. Ellis ArnallGovernor of Georgia • Arnall's rise to political power is one of the most remarkable chapters in the state's political history. In 1932 voters in his home county of Coweta elected him to the Georgia House of Representatives when he was only 25 old. Governor E. D. Rivers appointed Arnall to fill a vacancy in the office of state attorney general and, two years later, named him attorney general; Arnall was 31 years old. This appointment made him the nation's youngest attorney general. • In 1942 Arnall ran against Governor Eugene Talmadge, who was seeking reelection. Talmadge's interference in the running of the state's university system, in what became known as the Cocking affair, had resulted in the loss of accreditation of most of the state's public colleges. On this issue, the thirty-five-year-old Arnall defeated Talmadge to become the youngest governor in the nation. SS810

21. Ellis ArnallGovernor of Georgia Accomplishments: • Restored accreditation to Georgia's colleges. • Reformed the state penal system. • Repealed the poll tax. • Lowered the voting age. • Revised the state constitution. • Established a teachers' retirement system. • Paid off the long-existing state debt. As a result of his reform programs, members of the national press found themselves in the unusual position of praising rather than condemning a governor of Georgia. But…. SS810

22. He’s a Liberal – And Talmadge is a Crazy!! • A federal district court held that the state's white primaries were unconstitutional. Arnall refused to follow the examples of other southern states, which tried to evade the court's mandate. His inaction allowed the Eugene Talmadge faction to denounce him as a traitor to the white race. Many white Georgians believed Arnall was too liberal on the race issue, and a politically revived Talmadge won the 1946 primary by promising to restore the state's white primary. • But…. SS810

23. Talmadge is a Dead – and Politics is Crazy!!!! The 3 Governor Episode (1946) • Talmadge dies within a month of winning office • Both Melvin Thompson (Lt. Governor) and Herman Talmadge (Crazy guys son) claim the position • Ellis Arnall refuses to leave office until the issue is resolved so…. • THREE MEN CLAIM TO BE GOVERNOR OF GEORGIA – CRAZY!!!!!!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHPZBXYHmyg SS810

24. Finally…. • Melvin Thompson (Lt. Governor) takes the office. • Then the General Assembly held a special election and voted Herman Talmadge into office. • Talmadge took office as governor in January 1947; two months later the Georgia Supreme Court ruled that the legislature had acted in an unconstitutional manner. Talmadge immediately vacated the office and prepared to run for governor against Melvin Thompson in a special election held in 1948. He easily won this election and was subsequently reelected governor for a full four-year term in 1950. SS810

25. Herman TalmadgeGeorgia Governor • Talmadge was generally progressive and he raised a lot of money for schools. • He was, however, a staunch segregationist and greatest opposed integrating schools. • But most politicians in the General Assembly at this time felt this way. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5tAe7r_iYo SS810

26. Late 1940’s – 1950’s = Baby Boom • Men returning from war wanted to start families and A LOT of kids were born during this period. SS810 http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/stories/baby_boomers

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29. The Cold War Begins • At the end of WWII the U.S. and the Soviet Union were the two world powers. • The United States supported Democracy and the Soviet Union supported Communism. • Communist revolutions were happening in many countries and the U.S. feared that Communism would take over here in the states. • The United States formed alliances with other countries against Communism and adopted a policy called “containment” – which tried to keep Communism from spreading in other countries. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3wpV0OoHRk&feature=related SS810

30. Countries Where Communism was Spreading • North Korea (Communist – supported by the U.S.S.R.) & South Korea (Democratic – supported by the U.S.A) • North Vietnam (Communist – supported by the U.S.S.R.) & South Vietnam (Democratic – supported by the U.S.A) SS810

31. So the Cold War between the United States & U.S.S.R. (just words and diplomacy) led to…. 1. Korean War (1950-1953) 2. Vietnam War (1960-1975) 3. A Nuclear Confrontation with Cuba 4. The “Arms Race” SS810