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Motion!!

Motion!!. Mass. Mass Amount of matter (“stuff”) in an object Measure of inertia or sluggishness that an object exhibits in response to any effort made to start it, stop it, or change its state of motion in any way Inertia– resistance to motion. Mass—A Measure of Inertia.

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Motion!!

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  1. Motion!!

  2. Mass Mass • Amount of matter (“stuff”) in an object • Measure of inertia or sluggishness that an object exhibits in response to any effort made to start it, stop it, or change its state of motion in any way • Inertia–resistance to motion

  3. Mass—A Measure of Inertia The amount of inertia possessed by an object depends on the amount of matter—the amount of material that composes it—its mass: greater mass greater inertia smaller mass  smaller inertia

  4. Mass—A Measure of Inertia Mass vs. volume: • Mass involves how much matter an object contains • Volume involves how much space an object occupies

  5. Mass—A Measure of Inertia Mass vs. Weight Weight: Amount of gravitational pull on an object. Weight and mass are proportional: Twice the mass twice the weight Half the mass  half the weight Your mass is the same everywhere!

  6. Mass—A Measure of Inertia CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR The concept of inertia mostly involves A. mass. • weight. • volume. • density.

  7. Mass—A Measure of Inertia CHECK YOUR ANSWER The concept of inertia mostly involves A. mass. • weight. • volume. • density. Comment: Anybody get this wrong? Check the title of this slide!

  8. Mass—A Measure of Inertia Standard unit of measurement for mass—the kilogram (kg) Standard unit of measurement for weight—the newton (N) Standard unit of measurement for force—the newton (N) 1 kg of any material on Earth’s surface weighs 9.8 newtons (N)

  9. Net Force Force is simply a push or a pull. Net force is a combination of all forces that act on an object. It is the net force that changes an object’s state of motion. You MUST have a net force (that is not zero) to changemotion!!!

  10. Net Force

  11. Net Force CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR A cart is pushed to the right with a force of 15 N while being pulled to the left with a force of 20 N. The net force on the cart is A. 5 N to the left. • 5 N to the right. • 25 N to the left. • 25 N to the right.

  12. Net Force CHECK YOUR ANSWER A cart is pushed to the right with a force of 15 N while being pulled to the left with a force of 20 N. The net force on the cart is A. 5 N to the left. • 5 N to the right. • 25 N to the left. • 25 N to the right. 20 N 15 N CART 5 N Net Force

  13. The Force of Friction Friction — • the resistive force that opposes the motion or attempted motion of an object through a fluid or past another object with which it is in contact • always acts in a direction to oppose or stop motion Friction happens when objects touch!

  14. The Force of Friction Friction — • between two surfaces, the amount depends on the kinds of material and how much they are pressed together • due to surface bumps and also to the stickiness of atoms on the surfaces of the two materials

  15. The Force of Friction CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR The force of friction can occur A. with sliding objects. • in water. • in air. • all of the above.

  16. The Force of Friction CHECK YOUR ANSWER The force of friction can occur A. with sliding objects. • in water. • in air. • all of the above. Comment: Friction can also occur for objects at rest. If you push horizontally on your book and it doesn’t move, then friction between the book and the table is equal and opposite to your push.

  17. Equilibrium of Moving Things An object that moves at constant velocity is in equilibrium. When two or more forces cancel to zero on a moving object, then the object is in equilibrium.

  18. The Equilibrium Rule The equilibrium rule: The vector sum of forces acting on a nonaccelerating object or system of objects equals zero. Mathematical notation: F = 0. ∑ (sigma) means “sum of”

  19. The Force of Friction CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR When Nellie pushes a crate across a factory floor at constant speed, the force of friction between the crate and the floor is A. less than Nellie’s push. • equal to Nellie’s push. • equal and opposite to Nellie’s push. • more than Nellie’s push.

  20. The Force of Friction CHECK YOUR ANSWER When Nellie pushes a crate across a factory floor at constant speed, the force of friction between the crate and the floor is A. less than Nellie’s push. • equal to Nellie’s push. • equal and opposite to Nellie’s push. • more than Nellie’s push.

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