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Unit K – Heart Structure and Function

Heart Quiz. Unit K – Heart Structure and Function. Unit K – Heart Structure and Function. First baby step – anatomy of heart heart review. Diagram (quiz…). Diagram (quiz…). Parts of the Heart Left and Right Atria – Collecting Chambers

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Unit K – Heart Structure and Function

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  1. Heart Quiz Unit K – Heart Structure and Function

  2. Unit K – Heart Structure and Function First baby step – anatomy of heart heart review

  3. Diagram (quiz…) Diagram (quiz…)

  4. Parts of the Heart Left and Right Atria – Collecting Chambers -- Right: Collects blood from VenaeCavae -- Left: Collects blood from Pulmonary Veins Left and Right Ventricles – Pumps -- Right: Sends blood to the lungs via the Pulmonary Trunk. -- Left: Sends blood to the body via the Aorta

  5. Atrioventricular-- Valves -- Valves between the atria and ventricles -- Prevent backflow of blood -- Right hand side “Tricuspids”— three cusps, or flaps (also known as right atrioventricular valve -- Left hand side “bicuspid”– two cusps (also known as the mitral valve or left atrioventricular valve) ChordaeTendineae –Strong, Fibrous strings that support the A.V. valves --Keeps the valves from inverting with the force of blood flow.

  6. Semi-Lunar Valves (no chordae tendineae) -- Between the ventricles and the Aorta (aortic valve) -- Between the ventricles and the Pulmonary Trunk (pulmonary valve)

  7. Pulmonary Trunk -- Branches off to form the Pulmonary Artery -- Receives blood from the right ventricles Septum -- The wall of the Heart -- Separates the left and right sides of the Heart

  8. heart beat!

  9. Control of Heart • Heart is muscle tissue • Beat of heart is INTRINSIC will beat independently of any nervous stimulation

  10. Coordination of Heartbeat • 2 nodes – SA node and AV node both located in the right atrium • 1) SA node – sinoatrial node/ pacemaker – upper wall of right atrium. • Acts as a pacemaker • Activates muscle cells of both atria to contract almost simultaneously

  11. Coordination of Heartbeat

  12. Coordination of Heartbeat • 2) AV node – atrioventricular node – base of r.a. • impulse from SA node travels via nerves called the bundle of HIS • AV node initiates contraction of both ventricles via Purkinje fibers

  13. Coordination of Heartbeat • SA node connected to brain via the Vagus nerve – brain signals SA node through this nerve and sets heart rate • Medulla oblongata part of brain that monitors blood pressure • Regulation is autonomic (not under conscious control)

  14. Electrocardiogramekg- a way to measure electrical activity of heart • Measures the electrical activity of heart in millivolts (mV) • This forms a graph that is then labeled PQRST • P curve – atria contracting • QRS – contraction of the ventricles • T recovery • Heart beat approx. 50 -80 beats/min.

  15. ECG/EKG

  16. The red line is the EKG. The blue line is aortic pressure. The green line shows heart sounds.

  17. Blood Pressure • Is the force of blood against the blood vessels • Not constant & is greater when ventricles contract • 2 parts – systolic pressure (systole) – pressure when ventricles contract – higher number – given first

  18. Diastolic pressure – diastole – pressure when ventricles are not contracting – atrial contraction Blood pressure is measured along a brachial artery 120/80 = normal Hypertension – high blood pressure (diet, stress, exercise) Blood Pressure

  19. Blood Pressure – cont’d • Hypotension – low blood pressure • Hypothalamus –part of brain that monitors blood pressure and can cause the arteries to constrict or dilate • heart attack!

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