1 / 57

DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS

WELCOMES YOU. DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS. Paper on Birth and Death Registration Statistics -Compilation of Indicators. jatasya hi dhruvo mrtyur dhruvam janma mrtasya ca tasmad apariharye 'rthe na tvam socitum arhasi. For “ one who has taken his birth, death is certain” ;

haracha
Download Presentation

DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. WELCOMES YOU DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS

  2. Paper on Birth and Death Registration Statistics -Compilation of Indicators

  3. jatasya hi dhruvo mrtyurdhruvam janma mrtasya catasmad apariharye 'rthena tvam socitum arhasi For “one who has taken his birth, death is certain”; and for one who is dead, birth is certain. Therefore, in the unavoidable discharge of your duty, you should not lament. Chapter 2 , Verse 27

  4. Birth and Death are the two events that make the man’s entry into and exit from the world. It is natural to see a smiling face on birth and wry face on death. However man being intellectual wants to be his life enclosed by these events as comfortable as possible and all his actions are more or less centered towards to this aim only. It is also the basic duty of a welfare state.

  5. Demography is the science which deals with all the problems related to man’s existence in the world viz., Population, its size, growth, distribution, migration etc. The chief sources of demography are Vital Statistics and Census. While the former are being collected on continuous basis by the implementation of the RBD Act. 1969, the latter by conducting decennial census throughout the country under the overall co-ordination of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, GOI.

  6. Erstwhile state of Mysore was one of the earliest states in India which introduced statutory registration of births and deaths, at about the beginning of the 20th century. In old Mysore areas, the registration of births and deaths was being done by the village officers. With the reorganization of the States in 1956, registration of births and deaths was being effected in different parts of the State under different Acts in force in the erstwhile States of old Mysore, Bombay, Hyderabad, Madras and Coorg. The registration of births and deaths was fairly satisfactory. History and Background

  7. The Registration of Births & Deaths(RBD) Act, 1969 came into force in the State with effect from 1st April 1970. The Karnataka Registration of Births & Deaths(KRBD) Rules, 1970 were framed and notified by the Government of Karnataka on 15th Dec 1970, and were effective from 1st January 1971. KRBD rules subsequently were amended in December 1999, as per the instructions of Registrar General, India. Revamped system of Registration of Births & Deaths is in force in Karnataka from 1st January 2000. Civil Registration System

  8. Karnataka Geographical area =1.92 lakh sq.kms, 5.05% of the country's total population. District = 30Taluks = 176 ( in 000’s) Sex Ratio=968 Sex Ratio ( 0-6age group) = 946Literacy Rate= 75.60 Density of Population = 319 per sq.km. No. of registration units:- Urban= 406 Rural = 28312 Total = 28718 units

  9. Sources of Data Collection • The main sources for data on vital events in the country as well as below national level are Population Census, Sample Registration System (SRS) and Civil Registration System (CRS).

  10. Population Census: • The Population Censusprovides information on population and its other characteristics. • The census being a decennial exercise does not provide the measure of population change from year to year. • The measures of fertility and mortality derived from the census are centred on the mid-point of the decade and as such do not provide annual change.

  11. Sample Registration System(SRS): • SRShas been designed to provide reliable estimates at National and State Level. • Due to requirement of large sample size and variety of resultant factors such as controlling of non-sampling errors etc., the possibility of getting robust estimates of vital rates at District and Taluk level on annual basis through sample survey is not possible.

  12. What is SRS ? The field investigation consists of continuous enumeration of births and deaths in selected sample units by resident part time enumerators, generally anganwadi workers & teachers, and an independent survey every six months by SRS supervisors. The data obtained by these two independent functionaries are matched. The unmatched and partially matched events are re-verified in the field and thereafter an unduplicated count of births and deaths is obtained.

  13. The sample unit in rural areas is a village or a segment of it, if the village population is 2000 or more. In urban areas, the sampling unit is a census enumeration block with population ranging from 750 to 1000. In Karnataka, SRS is operational in 480 sample units (330 rural and 150 urban) and covers about 4.39 lakh population.

  14. CRSis thus the only source for providing vital rates at district and taluk level. • CRS can provide these rates at all administrative levels. • CRS may be defined as a continuous permanent and compulsory recording of the occurrence and characteristics of vital events as derived in and as provided through a decree or regulation in accordance with the legal requirements of a country. • In India, the CRScovers events of births and deaths only. Civil Registration System (CRS)

  15. The registration records are serving twin objectives, primarily useful for their value as legal documents and secondarily as a source of vital statistics. • Civil Registration as a source of vital statistics is relatively inexpensive, as the statistics generated from the registration records are the by-products of an essential administrative process. • The registration records can also generate current and continuous statistics, which can be more accurate than any other method of data collection.

  16. However, the reliability of the statistics obtained through the registration system depends much on the completeness and promptness with which events are registered and the accuracy of the information in the registration records. • The improvement in the system of registration of births and deaths is critically dependent on how much importance is attached to the data on births and deaths by the respective administrative units at different levels. • Besides, the level of awareness among the public about the utility of birth / death certificate also plays a crucial role.

  17. (a). Fertility Indicators: • The Fertility Indicators helps to measure the changes in the level of fertility during the previous period. The component of Fertility Indicators are Crude Birth Rate(CBR), General Fertility Rate(GFR), Age Specific Fertility/Marital Fertility Rates, Total Fertility/Marital Fertility Rates and Gross Reproduction Rates.

  18. Crude Birth Rate(CBR):CBR is the average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. Crude Birth Rate= Number of Live Births during a year x 1000 Mid-Year Population Mid-year Population= Population, at the mid-point of the year, this is, on 1st July, of a year. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.

  19. Crude Birth Rate(CBR): Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table indicates that the CBR of Karnataka is below the All India figure. The Karnataka’s CBR is on the higher side as compared with the other southern states.

  20. General Fertility Rate(GFR):GFRis a refined measure of fertility, defined as the number of live births per thousand women in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years, is a useful tool for measuring fertility. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 In this table also it can be seen that the GFR of Karnataka is below the All India figure. The Karnataka’s GFR is on the higher side as compared with the other southern states. Further the sectorwise comparison of the above table reveals that the General Fertility Rate among the southern states are on the lower side as compared to the All India level.

  21. Age Specific Fertility Rate(ASFRs):ASFRwhich relates to Age of women is an important factor affecting the fertility levels. On the basis of data on births to women by specific age groups in the reproductive span 15-49 years, ASFR has been calculated. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above data reveals that fertility in all the age groups is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The fertility reaches the peak in the age group 20 – 24 years and declines thereafter, irrespective of the place of residence. It can be seen from the above table that ASFR of Karnataka is less than that of the All India except for the age group 15 – 19 years.

  22. Total Fertility Rate(TFR) : TFR is the average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. This indicator shows the potential for population change in the country. A rate of two children per woman is considered the replacement rate for a population, resulting in relative stability in terms of total numbers. Rates above two children indicate populations growing in size and whose median age is declining.

  23. Higher rates may also indicate difficulties for families, in some situations, to feed and educate their children and for women to enter the labor force. Rates below two children indicate populations decreasing in size and growing older. Global fertility rates are in general decline and this trend is most pronounced in industrialized countries, especially Western Europe, where populations are projected to decline dramatically over the next 50 years. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 It can be seen from the above table that the total and sector wise TFR in respect of the southern states is less than that of the All India figure. Further TFR in respect of Kerala remains at 1.8 both at the Rural and Urban sectors respectively.

  24. Gross Reproduction Rate(GRR):GRRmeasures the average number female children a woman is expected to give birth during her entire reproductive span conforming to the Age Specific Fertility Rates(ASFRs) for a given year, if there is no mortality. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table depicts that the GRR of Southern states are on the lower side as compared to the All India figure. Karnataka’s GRR is on the higher side as compared to the other southern states in respect of total wise as well as sector wise.

  25. Total Marital Fertility Rates(TMFRs):TMFRs is the cumulative value of Age Specific Marital Fertility Rates(ASMFRs) at the end of the reproductive period. It indicates the average number of children expected to be born per married woman during the entire span of her reproductive period, if the ASMFRs continues to be the same and if there is no mortality. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table reveals that the ASMFRs of all the southern states is less as compared to All India Figure. This indicates that the average number of children expected to be born per married woman during the entire span of female reproductive period is lesser than the All India level.

  26. Percentage distribution of Live Births by Order:This information pertains to the order of the live birth and interval between current and previous live births. This provide useful information on spacing of children and level of fertility. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table on the percentage live births by order indicates that the there is vide difference in the order of the live birth and interval between current and previous live birth between the southern states and All India.

  27. Percentage distribution of Current live births by birth interval(in months): Birth Interval : The percentage distribution of second and higher order live births by interval between current and previous live birth. The data reveals about the spacing of the children. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table indicates that the percentage distribution of live births by spacing between two children is higher for the interval of 36+ in all the southern states as compared to All India figure. Kerala state has the highest percentage spacing in the age group of 36+ as compared to other states and all India figure. The percentage distribution of current live births by birth interval in months is very less for the interval 10-12 in the southern states as compared to All India figure.

  28. Mortality Indicators: • Mortality is one of the basic components of population change and related data is essential for demographic studies and public health administration. It is the principal ingredient for population projections and life tables. The various measures of mortality are Crude Death Rate(CDR), Under five Mortality Rate(U5MR), Infant Mortality Rate(IMR) and its components viz., Age Specific Mortality Rate(ASMR),Still Birth Rate(SBR) andPeri-Natal Mortality Rate(PMR).

  29. Crude Death Rate(CDR):CDR is the average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. Crude Death Rate= Number of Deaths in a year x 1000 Mid-Year Population Mid-year Population = Population, at the mid-point of the year, this is, on 1st July, of a year. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.

  30. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table reveals that in Karnataka, Death Rate in the Rural Sector is on the higher side as compared to the All India figure. Kerala and Tamil Nadu shows a higher death rate in Urban Sector as compared with the Urban figure of the All India.

  31. Percentage of Infant Deaths to Total Deaths: This provides the percentage share of infant deaths to total deaths sector wise. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table depicts that the Percentage of Infants Deaths to Total Deaths in respect of southern states is on the lower side as compared to the All India Figure. Kerala records the lowest percentage of infant deaths to total deaths.

  32. Early Neo-Natal Mortality Rate:Thenumber of infant deaths less than seven days of life per thousand live births forms an important component of Infant Mortality Rate and more specifically of the neo-natal mortality rate. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 From the above table, Early Neo-Natal Mortality Rate in the Urban Sector is on the lower side as compared to the All India Figure, where as in the All Karnataka and Rural Sector of Karnataka it is on the higher side. Special mention has to be made in respect of Kerala State where the Early Neo-Natal Mortality Rate is on the lower side as compared to the All India figure.

  33. Under Five Mortality Rate(U5MR): The Under Five Mortality Rate for Karnataka and India are provided below. At the National level, under five mortality rate is estimated at 59 and it varies from 66 in rural area and 38 in urban area. Karnataka’s U5MR is much better as compared to national level with 45 at the State level and 49 and 36 at the rural and urban sector respectively. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The U5MR of the southern states are on the lower side as compared with the All India Figure.

  34. Where we are as per 4th MDG? The fourth Millennium Development Goal(MDG) aims to reduce mortality among children under five by two-thirds. India’s Under Five Mortality (U5MR) declined from 125 per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 74.6 per 1,000 live births in 2005-06. U5MR is expected to further decline to 70 per 1,000 live births by 2015. This means India would still fall short of the target of 42 per 1,000 live births by 2015. In view of these statistics, child survival in India needs sharper focus. This includes better managing neonatal and childhood illnesses and improving child survival, particularly among vulnerable communities. Survival risk remains a key challenge for the disadvantaged who have little access to reproductive and child health services. Major states in the heartland of India are likely to fall significantly short of these targets, by more than 20 points. Key to significant progress in reducing U5MR and infant mortality rates rests with reducing neonatal deaths, that is, infant deaths that occur within a year of birth at a fast pace.

  35. Where we are as per 4th MDG? From a Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) of 437 per 100,000 live births in 1990-91, India is required to reduce MMR to 109 per 100,000 live births by 2015. Between 1990 and 2006, there has been some improvement in the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) which has declined to 254 per 100,000 live births as compared to 327 in 1990. However, despite this progress, India is expected to fall short of the 2015 target by 26 points. Safe motherhood depends on the delivery by trained personnel, particularly through institutional facilities. However, delivery in institutional facilities has risen slowly from 26 percent in 1992-93 to 47 percent in 2007-08. Consequently, deliveries by skilled personnel have increased at the same pace, from 33 percent to 52 percent in the same period. By 2015, it is expected that India will be able to ensure only 62 percent of births in institutional facilities with trained personnel. Thus, universal coverage remains to be achieved.

  36. Infant Mortality Rate(IMR): IMRis the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. Infant Mortality Rate=Death of a Child of less than one year old in a year x 1000 Number of live births during the year This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country. Year : 2010 Source : Sample Registration Scheme Statistical Report 2010 The above table reveals that the IMR of all the southern states except Urban Andhra Pradesh, the IMR rate is on the lower side as compared to All India. A complete CRS is the only source to yield number of infant deaths at all administrative levels including Districts / Sub-districts. SRS is another source for providing number of infant deaths, is not designed to give reliable estimates below the State level.

  37. Statistical Reports: Registration of Births and Deaths is constantly generating statistical information at the local level. The information contained in the Reporting Forms is consolidated in the Chief Registrar’s Office. Every Chief Registrar is required to submit an Annual Report on the working of the Act and a Statistical Report to the State Government by July and December respectively of the following year to which the report relates. The Chief Registrar’s are also required to send a copy of these reports to the Registrar General, India. Based on the information available in the Reporting Forms the Annual Statistical Report has been prepared annually. Some tables of the report contains information for Districts with rural-urban and sex-wise break-up. Therefore, this special report has been prepared by compiling this information. Keeping in view the importance and use of the data on registered births and deaths, this report provides the District-wise registered births and deaths along with infant deaths with sex-wise and rural-urban break-up of registered events for the period 2001-10.

  38. A Brief Analysis of Data on Registered Births, Deaths and Infant Deaths Births and Deaths are the two most important vital events. The basic statistics on births and deaths registered have been used to generate vital rates and some other related important indicators and the summary results are presented in Statements. The comparison of this data with SRS data brings out the coverage of CRS.

  39. However, while interpreting the comparison it should be borne in mind that the registration of births and deaths is carried out at the place of occurrence of the event whereas the vital rates based on SRS are generated based on place of usual residence of mothers / deceased (as the case may be) irrespective of the place of occurrence of events. It is also important to mention that the registration data, at present, is deficient not only in terms of non-registration of events but also with regard to non-reporting by the local registration units to the District Registrar’s Office. A brief description and general findings based on these statements are given in the following paragraphs. Number of births and deaths registered in the state for the years 2001 to 2010 are presented in Statement-1.

  40. Statement 1 : Number of Births and Deaths Registered in Karnataka, 2001 – 2010

  41. Although the number of registered births and deaths has shown a overall increasing trend, however, in some intervening years with a fluctuating trend over these years. The number of registered births has increased from 9.73 lakhs in 2002 to 10.8 lakhs in 2008. Except for the years 2002, 2009 and 2010, the increase has been gradual in the remaining years. The decline during these years was on account of non-availability of information on registration of vital events in most of the districts during the year. Similarly, the number of registered deaths has increased from 3.5 lakhs in 2000 to 3.7 lakhs in 2001. Increase in death registration has been noticed from the years 2004 to 2006. Chart 1 and 2 further highlights the pattern in number of registered births and deaths from 2001 to 2010.

  42. Chart 1 : Number of Registered Births, 2001 – 2010

  43. Chart 2 : Number of Registered Deaths, 2001-2010.

  44. Statement : Number Infants Deaths Registered – 2001 - 2010

  45. The above statement shows that the number of registered infant deaths in 2001 was 7821 and it was 13199 in 2010. Large variations are seen while comparing the CRS based IMR to that of SRS based IMR. In the State, proportion of the registered infant deaths is below 30 percent for all the years under review. Such a low level of registration of infant deaths is a serious cause of concern. Full coverage of infant deaths by the Civil Registration machinery only can help in identifying areas with high infant mortality rates, which is an essential input for any health planning.

  46. Level of Registration of births / deaths The level of registration, defined as the percentage of registered births / deaths to the estimated births / deaths, determines the performance level of a state so far as the efficacy of Civil Registration System is concerned. For the purpose, the estimated total number of events (births / deaths) as revealed from SRS rates is used in the absence of reliable estimates from any other source. The level of registration so calculated is very high either due to the lower estimates of vital events than the actual and / or due to the fact that SRS estimates of vital events are registered at the place of occurrence irrespective of the place of residence. The level of registration of births has increased from 86.3 per cent in 2001 to 95.3 per cent in 2010. The level of registration of deaths has noticed fluctuating trend i.e., either increasing or decreasing. The following Chart highlights the level of registration of births and deaths from 2001 to 2010.

  47. Chart: Level of Registration of Births and Deaths (Karnataka), 2001-2010

  48. The following statement depicts the distribution of districts by their level of registration of births and deaths. The level of registration is achieved more than cent percent in those districts where a number of events may be occurring to the outsiders (persons belonging to the neighbouring border areas) who visit their places to avail of the better medical facilities.

  49. It is observed that while the level of registration of births is above 100 per cent in as many as 13 districts in 2010, only 6 districts could achieve that level on registration of deaths recording more than 100 per cent of registered births as well as deaths.

  50. Crude Birth and Crude Death Rate The crude birth rates and crude death rates based on these registered events for the years 2001–2010 are presented Statement-6 which shows the comparative picture of birth rates and death rates based on the data from CRS and SRS during the years 2001-2010. Statement : Crude Birth and Crude Death Rates Based on CRS and SRS and Level of Registration of Births and Deaths – 2001-2010 It is seen from the Statement that the birth rate and death rate for the state as a whole based on CRS data is not comparable with the rates based on SRS data.

More Related