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Growing Healthy Minds and Bodies with School Gardens

Growing Healthy Minds and Bodies with School Gardens. Cynthia Fine Walden University PUBH 6165-1 Instructor: Dr. Shana Morrell. Overview. Overweight and obesity crisis in California Introduction to school gardens Nutrition and physical activity benefits Academic benefits Costs

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Growing Healthy Minds and Bodies with School Gardens

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  1. Growing Healthy Minds and Bodies with School Gardens Cynthia Fine Walden University PUBH 6165-1 Instructor: Dr. Shana Morrell

  2. Overview Overweight and obesity crisis in California Introduction to school gardens Nutrition and physical activity benefits Academic benefits Costs Closing statement

  3. Overweight and Obesity Epidemic California’s children are heavier than ever before Over 32% are overweight (national average 15%) Spanning all ages, cost of epidemic to state is $25billion per year Risks include hypertension, heart disease, asthma, diabetes California Department of Education. (2005). State Superintendent of Public Instruction Jack O’Connell’s Task Force for Childhood Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Retrieved from http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/cd/finalreport.asp.

  4. Time to Act with Thermodynamics To best protect California's children Get them moving – expend calories Provide appropriate nutrition

  5. Focus on Quality The source of the Calories is just as important as the number Key nutrients: protein, complex carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, minerals, mono- & poly-unsaturated fats Avoid trans and saturated fats, simple carbohydrates

  6. Schools: Seize the Opportunity Schools provide an ideal opportunity to impact the health of children 49%of California children do not eat even 1 serving of fruit or vegetables each day In school 6 hours per day, 5 days per week 4,277,406 meals served in California schools daily California Department of Education. (2005). State Superintendent of Public Instruction Jack O’Connell’s Task Force for Childhood Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Retrieved from http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/cd/finalreport.asp. California Department of Education, Nutrition Services. (2009). 2007-08 County Profile for California SNP- Food Programs. Retrieved from http://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/sh/sn/documents/coproschool0708.xls

  7. School Gardens Onsite gardens provide multiple benefits Academic Instruction: nutrition, agriculture, biology, ecology Physical Activity: digging, weeding, planting, harvesting Nutrition: consuming the fruits, vegetables, & herbs grown California School Garden Network. (2007). Curriculum. Retrieved from http://www.csgn.org/page.php?id=22

  8. Research: School Gardens have Positive Impact on Behaviors Parmer, Salisbury-Glennon, Shannon, and Struempler (2009) 115 second grade students 3 groups: gardening & nutrition education; nutrition education only; control Gardening & nutrition education group displayed more knowledge of nutrition and a preference for fruits and vegetables at mealtime over other groups Parmer, S., Salisbury-Glennon, J., Shannon, D., Struempler, B. (2009). School Gardens: An Experiential Learning Approach for a Nutrition Education Program to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge, Preference, and Consumption amongSecond-grade Students. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 41(3), 212-217. Retrieved from http://www.jneb.org/article/S1499-4046(08)00700-8/pdf

  9. Research, Continued McAleese & Rankin (2007) 99 sixth grade students 3 groups: gardening & nutrition education; nutrition education only; control Analysis of variance indicate gardening & nutrition education group consume more fruits and vegetables than other groups McAleese, J., Rankin, L., (2007). Garden-Based Nutrition Education Affects Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Sixth-Grade Adolescents http://www.adajournal.org/article/S0002-8223(07)00014-4/abstract

  10. Research, Continued Hermann, Et al. (2006) Post exposure to school garden 44% report having vegetables daily (9% pre-exposure) 79% report being physically active daily (51% pre-exposure) Use of cafeteria salad bar doubling during meal times Hermann, J., Parker, S., Brown, B., Siewe, Y., Dennev, B., Walker, S. (2006). After-School Gardening Improves Children’s Reported Vegetable Intake and Physical Activity. Use of School Gardens in Academic Instruction. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 37 (3), 147-151. Retrieved from http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/1499-4046/PIIS1499404606000704.pdf

  11. Gardens Get Kids Moving Gardening is “moderate” exercise Linked to weight management, stronger bones and muscles, longevity, mental health Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, some cancers, overweight, obesity Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Physical Activity for Everyone. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/health/index.html. Nursing Standard. (2008). Moderate Physical Activity Can Improve Mental Wellbeing. Nursing Standard. 22(38). Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/detail?vid=4&hid=112&sid=5576543a-3f71-4f52-ac3a-5e63244e815e%40sessionmgr112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=aph&AN=32799826#db=aph&AN=32799826

  12. Hands-On Biology and Ecology Education School Gardens allow for education on food safety California, 2005: 1,763 cases of bacterial foodborne illness Children are most susceptible population to severe symptoms of foodborne illness Gardens are a teaching moment opportunity for safe food handling Centers for Disease control and Prevention. Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet): FoodNet Surveillance Final Report for 2005. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet/annual/2005/2005_AR_Report.pdf

  13. Hands-On Biology and Ecology Education, Con’t. Greatly enhance ecology and agriculture curriculum Tactile education of construction of garden beds and irrigation systems Soil basics: worms, fertilizer, aeration Photosynthesis Compost California School Garden Network. (2007). Curriculum. Retrieved from http://www.csgn.org/page.php?id=22

  14. Expenditure Necessary Based on the 2008-2009 school year 43% of schools with a garden spent $2,501 or more on the space 45% spent less than $1,000 Costs Include Construction materials, soil, mulch, fertilizer, plants, gardening tools Bayer Advanced. (2009). Bayer Advanced Grow Together with Roses Award: Evaluation Summary 2009. Retrieved from http://www.kidsgardening.org/grants/Rose09eoy.pdf.

  15. Funding Opportunities Grants Grant opportunities are plentiful Denomination include $100, $1,500, $5,000, $15,00 and up to $25,000 Farm-Raising Raise funds by selling local products from California's farms San Diego Master Gardener Association. (2009). Calendar of Grants Available to School Gardens. Retrieved from http://www.mastergardenerssandiego.org/schools/grants.php Urban and Environmental Policy Institute. (n.d.) Farm Raisers: Fundraisers with a farm-fresh, healthy twist. Retrieved from http://departments.oxy.edu/uepi/publications/farmraisers.pdf

  16. Bringing the School Garden to Life: Resources California School Garden Network www.csgn.org School Garden Wizard Www.schoolgardenwizard.org San Diego Master Gardener Association www.mastergardenerssandiego.org Jaffe, R., appel, G. (1990). The Growing Classroom: Garden-Based Science Activity Guide. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Conrad, j. (1996). Discover Nature in the Garden: Things to Know & Things to Do. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books: CSGN. (n.d.). Garden-Based Learning Working Group - Research “Briefs” Academics — For Teachers and Administrators. Retrieved from http://www.csgn.org/images/pdf/academicsBrief.pdf

  17. Questions? Comments? Thank you for your attention and consideration in bringing school gardens to every primary and secondary school in California.

  18. References Bayer Advanced. (2009). Bayer Advanced Grow Together with Roses Award: Evaluation Summary 2009. Retrieved from http://www.kidsgardening.org/grants/Rose09eoy.pdf. California Department of Education. (2005). State Superintendent of Public Instruction Jack O’Connell’s Task Force for Childhood Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Retrieved from http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/cd/finalreport.asp. California Department of Education, Nutrition Services. (2001). Traditional Food Based Menu Planning. Retrieved from http://www2.cde.ca.gov/scripts/texis.exe/webinator/search?pr =www&query=TRADITIONAL%20FOOD- BASED%20MENU%20PLANNING&submit=GO California Department of Education, Nutrition Services. (2009). 2007-08 County Profile for California SNP- Food Programs. Retrieved from http://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/sh/sn/documents/coproschool0708.xl s

  19. References, Continued California Department of Food and Agriculture. (2009). California Agricultural Highlights 2008-2009. Retrieved from http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/files/AgHighlightsBrochur e09.pdf California School Garden Network. (2007). Curriculum. Retrieved from http://www.csgn.org/page.php?id=22 California School Garden Network. (2007). Grants and Fundraisers. Retrieved from http://www.csgn.org/page.php?id=22 Centers for Disease control and Prevention. Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet): FoodNet Surveillance Final Report for 2005. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet/annual/2005/2005_AR_Report.pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Physical Activity for Everyone. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/health/index. html.

  20. References, Continued Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (2008). FoodNet Surveillance Final Report for 2005. Atlanta, Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet/annual/2005/2005_AR_Report.pdf Hermann, J., Parker, S., Brown, B., Siewe, Y., Dennev, B., Walker, S. (2006). After-School Gardening Improves Children’s Reported Vegetable Intake and Physical Activity. Use of School Gardens in Academic Instruction. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 37 (3), 147-151. Retrieved from http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/ 1499 4046/PIIS1499404606000704.pdf McAleese, J., Rankin, L., (2007). Garden-Based Nutrition Education Affects Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Sixth-Grade Adolescents http://www.adajournal.org/article/S0002-8223(07)00014-4/abstract Moeller, D. (2005). Environmental Health. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  21. References, Continued Nursing Standard. (2008). Moderate Physical Activity Can Improve Mental Wellbeing. Nursing Standard. 22(38). Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/deta il?vid=4&hid=112&sid=5576543a-3f71-4f52-ac3a- 5e63244e815e%40sessionmgr112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZS ZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=aph&AN=32799826#db=aph&AN=32799826 Parmer, S., Salisbury-Glennon, J., Shannon, D., Struempler, B. (2009). School Gardens: An Experiential Learning Approach for a Nutrition Education Program to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge, Preference, and Consumption among Second-grade Students. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 41(3), 212-217. Retrieved from http://www.jneb.org/article/S1499-4046(08)00700-8/pdf San Diego Master Gardener Association. (2009). Calendar of Grants Available to School Gardens. Retrieved from http://www.mastergardenerssandiego.org/schools/grants.ph p

  22. References, Continued School Garden Wizard. (n.d.) Cost Estimate Worksheet. Retrieved from http://216.248.206.131/wizard/make/cost_worksheet.pdf Urban and Environmental Policy Institute. (n.d.) Farm Raisers: Fundraisers with a farm-fresh, healthy twist. Retrieved from http://departments.oxy.edu/uepi/publications/farmraisers.

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