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Principles of Design. Proportion Proportion is the principle of art concerned with the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other. It looks at the relative sizes or amounts of things in a composition. Ron Mueck - Boy. Andrew Wyeth - Soaring. Parmigianino
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Proportion Proportion is the principle of art concerned with the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other. It looks at the relative sizes or amounts of things in a composition.
Parmigianino • The Madonna with the Long Neck
Francisco Goya - • Giant
The Principle of Movement Movement is the principle of art used to a) create the look and feeling of action and b) to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the work of art.
Marcel Duchamp • Nude Descending a Staircase
Eugene Delacroix • Arabs Skirmishing • in the Mountains
The Principle of Rhythm Rhythm is created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat.
Giacomo Balla • Little Girl Running • on a Balcony
Navajo Rug • Tree of Life
Balance • Balance is a way of combining elements to create a feeling of equilibrium or stability in a work of art.
Balance There are 3 types of balance: • Symmetrical • Asymetrical • Radial
Symmetrical Balance • This is also known as formal balance. • Two halves of a work are identical; one half mirrors exactly the other half. • An example would be the two wings of a butterfly, or the façade of a Greek temple.
Asymetrical/informal Balance • Asymetrical balance is also known as Informal Balance • Two halves are not the same, but they have approximately equal visual interest or visual “weight.”
Radial Balance • Radial balance occurs when objects are positioned around a central point so that there is an equal distribution of visual interest or visual weight on all sides of the central point. • A clock face is a good example of radial balance.
Harmony and Variety • Harmony combines similar elements in an artwork to accent similarities. It is accomplished through the use of repetitions and subtle, gradual changes. • Variety is the opposite; it emphasizes differences, change, contrast, diversity. It creates more intricate and complicated relationships between elements in the work.
Hieronymous Bosch – The Gardenof Earthly Delights (example of variety)
Emphasis • Emphasis is a way of directing or focusing the viewer’s attention on the most important parts of a design.