By: Justin Mitchell, Lauren Pettit, and Hanna Loudin March 25,2011 Green A Mr. Gasaway

1. The Rye Plant By: Justin Mitchell, Lauren Pettit, and Hanna Loudin March 25,2011 Green A Mr. Gasaway

2. Knowledge of Staple Food • The seed is the part of the rye plant that we eat. • The places that eat rye are Germany, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Central Canada, North and South Dakota, Georgia, and Oklahoma because rye likes cool temperature of late fall, and the early spring. • Rye can also not survive the winter in pot holes or other wet areas where water collects or forms ice sheets. Rye likes warm and arid environments like the certain places that described which are hot and dry places. Ear of rye

3. Knowledge of Staple Food • Rye has a good amount of calcium, sodium with small amounts of iron, zinc, copper, manganese and selenium. • Rye is rich in potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. • Rye has not as much gluten as wheat • Rye plant is vascular because rye has a vascular system (“tubing”). • Photosynthesis is related to us feeding the world with rye because we could try to improve or quicken the process. Rye Seeds

4. Genetic Knowledge • The traits of rye are: • Rye withstands high heat and mixes well with other grasses. • Rye is rich in potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. • Rye is drought resistant. • Rye does best in areas with full sun. • The traits are inherited by combining two parents DNA dominant traits that will have the best offspring possible. • The way we will make sure that the desired traits will be produced in each generation is by combing both parents dominant traits to create the best offspring.

5. We will use parents with the desired traits and reproduce them until the genes for the undesired traits are almost eliminated. D d Heterozygous drought resistant X Heterozygous drought resistant D Genotype: DD ¼ Dd ½ dd ¼ Phenotype: Drought resistant ¾ Not drought resistant ¼ d Then take the two offspring with the most desirable genes and cross pollinate them. Homozygous drought resistant X Heterozygous not drought resistant D D Phenotype: Drought resistant All Not Drought Resistant None Genotype: DD ½ Dd ½ D d

6. Environmental Interactions • The environment will affect the process. • Drought by destroying the plant becoming dry so that plant will be ruined. • Pests going from the root up nibbling on the plant and stopping the offspring process. • Their might not be enough food in the environment for the rye to survive. • Predators or other animals will affect this process because they could possibly eat the plant and destroy the process. • The process would be considered selective breeding because we are selecting the parents ourselves to create the best possible offspring. • A diverse environment should be established for the rye plant because rye mixes well with other grains and if you have a monoculture you have more possibilities of success because with different plants you have different weaknesses and different strengths. Pest

7. DNA Strand Growth and Engineering • Cell division plays a part in our idea by when our rye plants grow they will reproduce and cross pollinate to create offspring. • DNA is related because the DNA in the rye makes their traits and help the plants survive. • How we might use genetic engineering to create our new plant is by when we are using genetic engineering, we would change the genes of the parents so they would both have the preferred traits to make sure the offspring comes out successful.

8. Check Advantages/ Benefits • The advantages of rye: • Rye and other whole grains substantially lower type two diabetes • Rye’s fiber promotes weight loss • Rye helps prevent gallstones • Gallstones- an abnormal stone like mass, usually of cholesterol, formed in the gallbladder or bile passages. Winter rye

9. Disadvantages/ Dangers CAUTION • The disadvantages of rye: • Can’t grow in wet or cold environments like rice • Many diseases affect rye in the United States • Certain rye that grows in warm and dry environments could lead to lots of pest which will lead to process being destroyed • Scientists can try to control or eliminate these dangers by using genetic engineering to take two parents that are pest resistant and have offspring which will keep leading to successful rye plants all the time. • 2. Scientists can tell farmers not to be consistent planting them in the United States to create successful rye and offspring. • 3. Scientists can recommend drier places to plant your rye so the trait of hot weather resistance is used and not lost.

10. Work Cited Internet Sites E.A. Oelke, H. Bahri, B. R. Durgan, and D. H. Putnam. "Rye." Alternative Field Crops Manual. University of Purdue, 24 Mar. 2011. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. <http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/rye.html>. The George Mateljan Foundation. "Rye." The World's Healthiest Foods. The George Mateljan Foundation, 2001 - 2011. Web. 19 Mar. 2011. <http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=65>. Pictures Download Rye 1600x1200 Wallpaper. 2009. New York. File:Ear of rye.jpg - Wikimedia Commons. 18 Oct. 2009. Home / Rye Cereal Grain Seed (Lb). 2011. California. Wild Rye Grass. 2010. Common Garden Pests « Pest Control Informations and DIY Guides. Aug. 2008. DNA strands. 2008. Check mark - OpenClipArt. 2009. Winter Rye. 2005. Dallas. DANGER Zone. 18 Aug. 2008.