pour run skip drink laugh toss sent open soar catch swim carry

1. What do all of these words have in common? pour run skip drink laugh toss sent open soar catch swim carry They are ACTION VERBS!

2. What do all of these words have in common? am are is were was will be have been is being They are LINKING verbs!

3. Copy this page into the grammar section of your 3 subject spiral: • VERBS are words that show action or states of being. • Action verbs show what the noun or pronoun is doing. • Linking verbs “link” the subject of a sentence to a word(s) that give information about the subject.

4. Direct and Indirect Objects: • Action verbs are often followed by a direct object or indirect object. • Direct Object (DO): • Snow White bit the apple. • The witch cutRapunzel’s hair. • Indirect Object (IO): • The witch gaveSnow White the apple. • The apple causedher much grief.

5. Linking Verbs *A linking verb says the subject IS something. Example: John is a pirate. (linking) John searched for the pirate costume. (action) *Some linking verbs can express a condition. Example: The popcorn smells like butter. (linking) The boy smells the cooking popcorn. (action)

6. Verbs appear in 6 different forms (tenses): Verbs do more than describe action. They also tell when the action took place— Present tense: The frog jumps. (now) Past tense: The frog jumped. (before) Future tense: The frog will jump. (in the future) Present perfect tense: The frog has jumped six times today. Past perfect tense: The frog had jumped only once before it rained. Future present tense: The frog will have jumped more than one hundred times by next week.

7. What differences do you see between the sentences in column 1 and those in column 2? ACTIVE VOICE: PASSIVE VOICE: The boy hit the ball. The dog ate the food. The girl popped the balloon. The woman rang the doorbell. The singer sang the song. The teacher read the book. The firemen put out the fire. The ball was hit. The food was eaten. The balloon was popped. The doorbell was rung. The song was sung. The book was read. The fire was put out.

8. Active voice and Passive voice In the ACTIVE VOICE, the subject of the sentence (the person, animal, or thing performing the action) is before the verb. Example: The boyhit the ball. In the PASSIVE VOICE, the subject is usually not present. Example: The ball was hit. (Who hit the ball???) If it is present it is often at the end of a prepositional phrase (it is the object of a preposition). Example: The ball was hit by the troll.*Troll is the subject of by.

9. Let’s Practice. . . Change the following sentences from PASSIVE VOICE to ACTIVE VOICE. You may need to add a subject to some of the sentences. EXAMPLES: The man was bitten by a mosquito. (passive) The mosquito bit the man. (active) The shed was burned. (passive) The fire burned the shed. (active) The movie was watched by the whole family. The computer was turned on by the student. The golden harp was stolen. • The whole family watched the movie. • The student turned on the computer. • Jack stole the harp.

10. Assignment: Verbs 1 EXAMPLES: The man was bitten by a mosquito. (passive) The mosquito bit the man. (active) The bridge was crossed by the three billy goats. The giant was fooled by Jack. The straw was spun into gold. The cloak was worn by the girl. The house was blown down by the wolf. The beans were planted. The slipper was worn. The porridge was eaten. The book was read. The chair was broken.

11. What differences do you see between the sentences in column 1 and those in column 2? boring: VIVID! ran said held went walked saw opened cut fell scampered exclaimed gripped scurried moseyed spied ripped hacked tumbled

12. Assignment: Verbs 2 Replace the boring verbs with VIVID! ones: Example: He went down the street. He blazed down the street. The giant went after Jack. Jack went down the beanstalk. The goat pushed the troll off the bridge. King Midas held the gold coin. Cinderella cleaned the stove. The cat drank the milk. The arrow fell to the ground. The fly went past the food. The prince shut the door. The queen looked into the mirror.

13. Assignment: Verbs 3 What am I?: Think of a specific animal; think of 4 or 5 specific actions that the animal does. Use this pattern as you write: I _______, and I _______, and I _______, and I ________. What am I? Example: 1. I leap, and I plop, and I swim, and I croak. What am I? (A frog!) 2. I flit, and I fly, and I fold my wings. What am I? (A butterfly!) Now you create three riddles using your own animals. We will try to solve each others riddles when we are finished!

14. Grammar sentences • My friend jumped over the hurdle. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________

15. Grammar sentences • Her dress swished down the isle. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________

16. Grammar sentences • Peanut butter smells delicious. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________

17. Grammar sentences • The player caught the ball in midair. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________

18. Grammar sentences • Miley Cyrus smiled sweetly at the crowd. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________

19. Grammar sentences • Glass slippers break easily. • Parts of • Speech ______________________________________________________ • Parts of • Sentence ______________________________________________________