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Chapter 4: Aromatic Compounds

Chapter 4: Aromatic Compounds. Bitter almonds are the source of the aromatic compound benzaldehyde. Sources of Benzene. Some Facts About Benzene. Reacts mainly by substitution. Friedrich August Kekule’. The Orbital Model for Benzene. Symbols for Benzene. Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds.

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Chapter 4: Aromatic Compounds

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  1. Chapter 4: Aromatic Compounds Bitter almonds are the source of the aromatic compound benzaldehyde

  2. Sources of Benzene

  3. Some Facts About Benzene Reacts mainly by substitution

  4. Friedrich August Kekule’

  5. The Orbital Model for Benzene Symbols for Benzene

  6. Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds Monosubstituted benzenes with common names

  7. Monosubstituted benzenes that do not have common names

  8. When two substituents are present, we use prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para-, usually abbreviated as o-, m-, and p-, respectively.

  9. For more than two substituents, their positions are designated by numbering the ring.

  10. Aromatic hydrocarbons, as a class called Arenes (Ar) the aryl groups are therefore aromatic substituents.

  11. The symbol Ph is sometimes used as an abbreviation for phenyl group

  12. Name the following structures

  13. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

  14. The Mechanisms of Electrophilic Substitutions

  15. Nitration

  16. sulfonation

  17. Alkylation and Acylation (Friedel-Crafts reaction)

  18. Ring-Activating and ring-Deactivating Substituents

  19. Ortho, Para-Directing and Meta-Directing Groups

  20. Ortho, Para-Directing Groups

  21. Importance of Directing Effects in Synthesis

  22. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

  23. Fused polycyclic hydrocarbons

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