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The Buddha

The Buddha. Siddhartha Gautama Born c. 563 BCE in Lumbini, today in Nepal Died c. 483 BCE (aged 80) in Kushinagar, today in India. Life. The Tale of the Buddha. The Four Passing Sights. The “Going Forth”. 1) Raja Yoga 2) Asceticism. There is a Middle Way. The Four Noble Truths.

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The Buddha

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  1. The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama Born c. 563 BCE in Lumbini, today in Nepal Died c. 483 BCE (aged 80) in Kushinagar, today in India

  2. Life The Tale of the Buddha

  3. The Four Passing Sights

  4. The “Going Forth” 1) Raja Yoga 2) Asceticism

  5. There is a Middle Way

  6. The Four Noble Truths 1) Life is suffering (dukkha) 2) The cause of suffering is desire (tanha) 3) The cure for suffering is in overcoming desire 4) The way to overcoming suffering is the eight-fold path

  7. The eight-fold path 1) Right views 2) Right Intent 3) Right speech 4) Right conduct 5) Right livelihood 6) Right effort 7) Right mindfulness 8) Right Concentration

  8. Is Buddhism a Religion? • Characteristics of Religion: • Authority • Ritual • Speculation • Tradition • Supernatural help • Mystery • Buddha rejects all of these things!

  9. Basic Buddhist Concepts THE THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE Dukka - Suffering Anicca - The doctrine of impermanence. Anatta - The doctrine that there is in humans no permanent, underlying substance that can be called the soul. THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF BUDDHISM Nirvana- The extinction of desire, hatred, and ignorance and, ultimately, of suffering and rebirth. Literally, it means “blowing out” or “becoming extinguished,” as when a flame is blown out or a fire burns out.

  10. Common ViewBuddhist View What does “No-Self” mean? Subject/Perceiver Perceptions -- Thoughts -- Feelings Perceptions -- Thoughts -- Feelings Subject/self/ perceiver • Common view • Buddhist View Perceptions --- thoughts ---- feelings Perceptions --- thoughts --- feelings

  11. Theravada (Hinayana) vs. Mahayana Theravada Mahayana Human beings are emancipated by self-effort, without supernatural aid. Key virtue: Wisdom Attainment requires constant commitment, and is primarily for monks and nuns Ideal: The Arhat who remains in nirvana after death Buddha a saint, supreme teacher, and inspirer Minimizes ritual Practice centers on meditation. Human aspirations are supported by divine powers and the grace they bestow Key virtue: Compassion Religious practice is relevant to life in the world, and therefore to laypeople. Ideal: the boddhisattva Buddha is a savior Elaborates metaphysics Emphasizes ritual Includes petitionary prayer

  12. Types of Mahayana Buddhism Pure Land Zen

  13. Hotei (Laughing) Buddha

  14. Vajarayana: Tibetan Buddhism

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