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L. Sydeski Thomas Jefferson High School Pittsburgh, PA

SHAPING THE MODERN WORLD 20 th Century. L. Sydeski Thomas Jefferson High School Pittsburgh, PA. THEMES. 1. GLOBAL INTERRELATEDNESS 2. IDENTITY AND DIFFERENCE 3. THE RISE OF MASS SOCIETY 4. TECHNOLOGY VERSUS NATURE. G LOBAL INTERRELATEDNESS.

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L. Sydeski Thomas Jefferson High School Pittsburgh, PA

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  1. SHAPING THE MODERN WORLD 20th Century L. Sydeski Thomas Jefferson High School Pittsburgh, PA

  2. THEMES 1. GLOBAL INTERRELATEDNESS 2. IDENTITY AND DIFFERENCE 3. THE RISE OF MASS SOCIETY 4. TECHNOLOGY VERSUS NATURE

  3. GLOBAL INTERRELATEDNESS • Analyze the pattern of global integration and how it has changed? Unesco.org

  4. Pre-1914 World Imperialism: Aggressive colonial policies of the great nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America GLOBAL INTERRELATEDNESS

  5. 1900 Nation-state Industrial Owned Colonies 2000 ???? ???? ???? Power Status Across the Century

  6. 1900 Nation-state Industrial Owned Colonies 2000 Technology Education Infrastructure Power Status Across the Century

  7. NATION-STATE Definition: Great powers of racially and culturally homogenous populations, and with considerable industrial, agricultural, and military resources.Pentarchy: The Recognized Great Powers in 1914*Great Britain*Germany*France*Russia*Austria-Hungary

  8. Intermediate Status States • United States: Industrially and agriculturally strong but politically isolated • Italy: Ambitious but economically and militarily weak • Japan: Strong (Russo-Japanese War) but of a non-European race and tradition • Portugal, Spain, and Belgium existed as minor colonial powers Smaller European States

  9. THE SHORT 20th CENTURY (1914 – 1991) WORLD WAR I WORLD WAR II

  10. New Global Pattern Emerges • The new powers were the United States, Western Europe as a whole, USSR, and Japan • A myriad of weak nations mostly in the southern hemisphere AS A RESULT • The new Global Pattern could be seen as The Affluent North versus the Developing South

  11. Identity & Difference • struggles of individuals, groups, and societies – based on politics, nationalism, religion, race, ethnicity, gender, and class.

  12. Disequilibrium Among Cultures in an Era of Accelerating Change • A Clash of Cultures can be shattering to the weaker culture. Europeans assumed an innate dominance because of temporary economic, military, and technological advantages. • This all stemmed from European society’s ability to adapt swiftly to change.

  13. Clash of Cultures • Culturally Conservative Societies (CCS) • Value custom over innovation • Traditional methods and traditions are divinely sanctioned and inviolable • Change is decline, not progress • Politically, they are authoritarian mass societies • Socially, they are extended family relationships • Economically, they are pastoral, agrarian and handicraft

  14. Change Oriented Societies • Idealize innovation as productive and desirable • Progress is valued • Politically, the desire is for improvement and change through a rational analysis of institutions, thus the idea of a political revolution • They are mass-oriented pluralistic societies that emphasize individual membership • Socially, they stress proto-industrial relationships • Economically, industrial capitalism searches for innovation

  15. World Organizations

  16. The Rise of Mass Politics Modern Societies have adopted mass institutions and forces: • Political Parties • Compulsory education • Popular sovereignty • National economic integration • Faster and surer communication and transportation • Military conscription

  17. In mass pluralistic societies the people remain individuals protected by rights and freedoms

  18. In authoritarian mass societiesthe people become a totality without individual rights or freedoms

  19. Technology versus Nature The omnipresence of modern mechanical devices has nearly ended humanity’s traditionally close relationship with nature • 1900: Technology meant progress • Today: Technology can be destructive

  20. Technology versus Nature • Paradox: • humankind has the power to both destroy the Earth and/or make life more sustainable

  21. Technology versus Nature • Technology is alluring in the developing world while the developed world sees technology as the enemy of an endangered natural environment • PROBLEMS???

  22. WHAT ARE THE GLOBAL ISSUES THAT WE FACE TODAY?

  23. Values for Survival The values of the 20th century, competition, profit, individualism may now need to be tempered with cooperation, sharing, and a greater concern for whole societies.

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