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The Fantastic Properties of Water: Structure, Cohesion, and More!

Explore the fascinating structure of water, a polar molecule with unique properties like cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, and its role as a universal solvent. Learn about concepts such as capillary action, surface tension, and buoyancy, all thanks to water's polar nature. Discover why water is often referred to as the universal solvent and why non-polar substances do not dissolve in it. Dive into the intricacies of water's structure, including its covalent bonds and the forces that make it such a vital compound in our world. See how water's properties enable it to exhibit cohesion, adhesion, and specific heat that set it apart from other substances. Uncover the mysteries of water's behavior in various scenarios, from raindrops to surface tension demonstrated by its polar molecules. Enhance your understanding of the significance of water's properties and its essential role in the natural world.

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The Fantastic Properties of Water: Structure, Cohesion, and More!

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  1. Structure & Properties of Water

  2. STRUCTURE OF WATER UNIVERSAL SOLVENT DENSITY COHESION POLAR MOLECULE SPECIFIC HEAT ADHESION CAPILLARY ACTION SURFACE TENSION BUOYANCY

  3. STRUCTURE OF WATER H H O 1 molecule of water is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms bonded with 1 oxygen atom

  4. H H O STRUCTURE OF WATER The bond that forms water is a covalent bond

  5. CHEMICAL FORMULA H2O = RIGHT H2O = WRONG H2O = WRONG 2HO = WRONG

  6. H H O 1 molecule of water

  7. H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O A LOT OF MOLECULES OF WATER

  8. Millions of molecules of water make up 1 raindrop

  9. _ + DURACELL POLAR MOLECULE • A molecule that has electrically charged areas. • Also called a polar substance or polar compound.

  10. DURACELL NON-POLAR SUBSTANCES • Non-polar substances do not have charged ends

  11. H H O + + -

  12. H H H H O O POLAR MOLECULE The positive hydrogen ends of 1 molecule are attracted to the negative end of the oxygen of another molecule.

  13. POLAR MOLECULE THE PROPERTIES OF: Cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, universal solvent, capillary action, surface tension ALL HAPPEN BECAUSE WATER IS A POLAR SUBSTANCE!

  14. CAPILLARY ACTION

  15. CAPILLARY ACTION • The combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of the surrounding material. • Cohesion + Adhesion

  16. SURFACE TENSION

  17. SURFACE TENSION

  18. SURFACE TENSION

  19. SURFACE TENSION • The tightness across the surface of water that is caused by the polar molecules pulling on one another. • Makes the surface act like a solid

  20. UNIVERSAL SOLVENT

  21. UNIVERSAL SOLVENT • This is a nickname given to water. • Water dissolves LOTS of things. • Remember: SOLVENT = the thing doing the dissolving SOLUTE = the thing that dissolves away • Other polar molecules can be dissolved by water.

  22. DURACELL NON-POLAR SUBSTANCES • Non-polar substances DO NOT dissolve in water. • Can you think of some examples of non-polar substances?

  23. Universal Solvent Why is water so good at dissolving things? Because water is a polar molecule and is shaped like a wedge, it is able to break up substances into smaller pieces (dissolve).

  24. H H H H O O COHESION • Because water is a polar molecule, it is attracted to itself. • Cohesion – is the attractive force between water molecules.

  25. COHESION Water molecules like to stick to each other. Rubbing alcohol doesn’t like to stick to itself as much as water.

  26. ADHESION • Because water is a polar molecule, it is attracted to other substances. • Adhesion – occurs when molecules of water are attracted to other substances.

  27. WATER DROPLET WINDSHIELD Adhesion is going on between the windshield and the water droplet.

  28. ADHESION

  29. COHESION ADHESION Water molecules like to stick to each other. Water molecules like to stick to other things.

  30. SPECIFIC HEAT • Specific Heat = the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of something 1 degree C. • Water has a really HIGH specific heat • That means it takes a lot of energy for water to increase its temperature. • This is because of the STRONG ATTRACTION between water molecules. It’s POLAR!

  31. SPECIFIC HEAT WATER = 75°F BEACH = 200°F

  32. SPECIFIC HEAT METAL = 500 CLOTH = 1340

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