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Review for Bonding and Compounds Test

Review for Bonding and Compounds Test. Compound formulas. Ions must add up to zero charge What metal ion is present in Na 2 O? Binary compounds (two elements) must end in –ide. What is the ending for Fe 2 O 3 ?

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Review for Bonding and Compounds Test

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  1. Review for Bonding and Compounds Test

  2. Compound formulas • Ions must add up to zero charge • What metal ion is present in Na2O? • Binary compounds (two elements) must end in –ide. • What is the ending for Fe2O3? • When naming a compound, transition metals must have a Roman numeral to indicate charge of the metal ion • What is the Roman numeral in the name of the above compound?

  3. Answers • -ide • +3

  4. Electrons in Bonds • What’s the goal? • How is the goal achieved for ionic compounds? • How is the goal achieved for covalent compounds? • What is a polyatomic ion? • Is OH-1 a polyatomic ion?

  5. Answers • 8 electrons in outer shell • Transfer from metal to non-metal to achieve octet • Share of valence electrons to achieve octet • More than one atom with a charge • Yes

  6. Electron Transfer • What charge does calcium have after losing its outer electrons? • How many electrons are transferred when calcium combines with sulfur? • How many electrons are transferred when sodium combines with sulfur? • How many electrons are transferred when aluminum combines with sulfur?

  7. Answers • +2 • 2 • 2 • 6

  8. Characteristics of Ionic Compounds • Describe potassium sulfide. • Describe lithium phosphate. • Describe sodium hydroxide.

  9. Answers • For all three— • Crystalline solid (many many atoms) • High melting point • Strong bonds

  10. Characteristics of Molecular Compounds • Describe carbon dioxide • Describe ammonia (NH3) • Describe water at room temperature

  11. Answers • For all three – • Liquid or gas • Low melting point • Strong bonds • Few atoms together as individual molecules

  12. Sketch a Molecular Compound • Consider the formula • Have only a few atoms (whatever is in the formula)

  13. Sketch an ionic compound • Many atoms • Formula gives you the RATIO, not the total number of atoms

  14. Mixtures • Name a mixture • How is it different from a compound? • How is that different from an element?

  15. Answers • Salt Water • Compounds are chemically bonded • Elements are single substances

  16. Valence • What does valence mean? • How do you determine valence electrons? • What is the valence for potassium? • What is the valence for oxygen? • What is the valence for helium? • What is the valence for fluorine?

  17. Answers • Outer Electrons • Group A – Roman numeral on table gives valence • 1 • 6 • 2 (careful, that’s helium – can only hold 2) • 7

  18. Naming Compounds • Which comes first in the name of a compound, metal or non-metal? • What is the name of Li2O? • What is the name of FeO? • What is the name of Al2S3?

  19. Answers • Metal • Lithium oxide • Iron (II) oxide • Aluminum sulfide

  20. Dot Diagramming • What are the steps for drawing a dot diagram? • Draw the dot diagram for the following: • I2 • CH4 • CO2 • H2O • NH3

  21. Answers • Count up valence electrons • Place atoms with least electronegative atom in center (usually the first in the formula) • Give all atoms 8 electrons, sharing electrons – except hydrogen which can only have 2

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