Integrating Building Systems With BACnet Prepared by Bill Swan

1. Integrating Building Systems With BACnet Prepared by Bill Swan Engineering Fellow, Alerton/Honeywell Chair, ASHRAE / SSPC 135

2. “What’s a BACnet?” “What’s a BACnet?”

3. “What’s a BACnet?” BACnet is: A data communications protocol Explicitly for building automation Technology-independent Maintained by a standards committee An ASHRAE, ANSI and ISO standard Embraced worldwide Extensively tested

4. A Brief History of BACnet A Brief History of BACnet

5. Controls were once mainly pneumatic Single-chip controllers appeared in the 1970s A Brief History of BACnet

6. ca 1980, distributed DDC systems appeared Early selling point: Savings - EMCS: scheduling and optimum start - Reduced labor costs $$$ A Brief History of BACnet

7. Different building systems didn’t integrate Building owners were locked in Controls A Brief History of BACnet These systems used proprietary protocols:

8. A Brief History of BACnet Solution: a standard protocol 1987: ASHRAE SPC 135 (“BACnet”) formed Committee goals: - Integrate all building systems - Non-hierarchical (peer to peer) communications - Scale from small systems to large - Hardware independence - Object-based representation of building elements

9. A Brief History of BACnet BACnet committee operates under ASHRAE rules Producers, users and others equally voting Consensus-building body Work subject to public review and comment No commercialism No fees to participate Participation open to all

10. Eight years later: A Brief History of BACnet June, 1995: BACnet approved by ASHRAE December, 1995: BACnet adopted by ANSI

11. A Brief Look at BACnet A Brief Look at BACnet

12. BACnet Protocol Components • Devices • Objects • Properties • Services • Networks

13. BACnet Device – Uses BACnet for communication.

14. Object_Name Room 3 Temp Object_Type ANALOG INPUT Present_Value 72.0 Units Degrees F High_Limit 78.0 Low_Limit 68.0 A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements Analog Input object type - Properties

15. Binary Input Accumulator Multi-state Input Binary Output Multi-state Output Binary Value Multi-state Value Analog Input Analog Output Analog Value Pulse Converter A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements I/O:

16. Notification Class Event Enrollment Life Safety Point Life Safety Zone A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements I/O: Alarms:

17. Calendar Schedule A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements I/O: Alarms: Scheduling:

18. Trend Log Notification Class A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements I/O: Alarms: Scheduling: Trending:

19. File Averaging Program Group Device Command Loop A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet objects represent BAS elements I/O: Alarms: Scheduling: Trending: Other:

20. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements (Users don’t need much knowledge of these)

21. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements Accessing objects and sharing data: ReadProperty WritePropertyMultiple UnconfirmedCOVNotification

22. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements Accessing objects and sharing data: Alarms: ConfirmedEventNotification AcknowledgeAlarm GetAlarmSummary

23. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements Accessing objects and sharing data: Alarms: File access: AtomicReadFile AtomicWriteFile

24. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements Accessing objects and sharing data: Alarms: File access: Remote device management: ReinitializeDevice UTCTimeSynchronization

25. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet services represent BAS elements Accessing objects and sharing data: Alarms: File access: Remote device management: Other:

26. A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet networks supported: Ethernet BACnet/IP MS/TP (master-slave / token passing RS-485) PTP (serial communications, dial-up) ARCNET LonTalk (in “foreign frames”)

27. BACnet LAN - Ethernet, BACnet/IP, MS/TP, ARCNET or LonTalk BACnet Workstation BACnet Field Panels B C Vendor A Vendor A Vendor Vendor Sensors and Actuators Native BACnet devices provide BACnet communications directly, device to device A Brief Look at BACnet Native BACnet:

28. Net 1 BACnet LAN - Ethernet BACnet Router BACnet Ethernet to ARCNET Workstation BACnet Vendor A Field Panel BACnet Router Ethernet to MS/TP Net 2 Net 3 BACnet LAN - ARCNET BACnet LAN - MS/TP BACnet B C B Vendor C Vendor Vendor Vendor Field Panels A Brief Look at BACnet BACnet Routers join networks:

29. BACnet in Action

30. Testing BACnet Testing BACnet Co-Chair, BMA / BTL-WG “BACnet Testing Labs”

31. Original testing: Ad-hoc testing at NIST NIST “plugfests” Needed: a testing standard 1997, development started 2003, ASHRAE 135.1 Testing BACnet “But… is it really BACnet?”

32. Testing BACnet BACnet Profiles added to Standard in 2001 B-SS Smart Sensor B-SA Smart Actuator B-ASC Application Specific Controller B-AAC Advanced Application Controller B-BC Building Controller B-OWS Operator Workstation

33. Testing BACnet Needed: a testing lab 1/2000, BMA and BTL-WG formed 1/2002, first testing starts 4/2005, testing for all controllers in place for first 5 profiles The work continues: Workstation client devices – B-OWS Further automating testing

34. Testing BACnet The Process: describe device ~10 pages

35. Testing BACnet The Process: describe objects

36. Testing BACnet The Process: functions checklist ~14 pages

37. Testing BACnet The Process: test plan ~184 pages!

38. Testing BACnet The Process: test standard 458 pages

39. Testing BACnet Why is all this comprehensive procedure important? “Plays well with others.”

40. Testing BACnet Interoperability Testing Workshops Twice Yearly: • Spring: Europe • Fall: North America Oct. 2004 Plugfest: • Over 75 people • 22 companies

41. BACnet Internationally BACnet Internationally Secretary, ISO / TC 205 / WG3 “Building Control System Design”

42. BACnet Internationally BACnet is ISO Standard 16484-5 BACnet is embraced around the world

43. BACnet Internationally BACnet: embraced around the world BACnet Interest Groups: BIG-NA BIG-EU BIG-AA BIG-ME (BIG-SE) (BIG-RU) BACnet committee regional liaisons: Europe Japan Sweden Russia BACnet Vendor IDs issued: (4/15/2005) North America 95 Asia 32 Europe 23 Australia 4 UK 4 South Africa 2

44. BACnet Internationally

45. BACnet Internationally BACnet: deployed around the world

46. BACnet Internationally A Complete List of International Standard Protocols for Building Automation ISO 16484-5 (BACnet) The ONLY International Standard for Building Automation Systems

47. BACnet Building Integration BACnet Building Integration Chair, ASHRAE / SSPC 135

48. Integrating with BACnet Integration today: BACnet now is now available in: HVAC controls Lighting Energy metering Access control Variable speed drives But there’s more to come…

49. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <CSML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaL <FILE-INFO> <TITLE>BACnet Protocol Implementation Conformanc <DESCRIPTION>Example EPICS taken from Appendi <NOTES>This is a sample EPICS file in XML format. It contains at least one of every ki for creating an EPICS file for a par XML Working Group: Integrating with BACnet BACnet Committee Working Groups: Integrating building and enterprise BACnet/WS Web Services Some working documents: Control System Modeling Language BACnet Schema Definition Language BACnet Content Encoded in XML

50. Integrating with BACnet BACnet Committee Working Groups: Network Security Working Group: Securing BACnet networks Needed for security applications Some working documents: Internet Security Protocols for BACnet Network Access Control Object