Basic Seamanship

1. Basic Seamanship

2. Class Objectives • Explain the purpose and characteristics of deck seamanship equipment. • Understand Naval Terms and how they relate to the structure of Navy ships. • Explain personal actions taken if you see a person fall overboard.

3. Deck Seamanship Equipment • Pier • Mooring Lines • Bollards • Bitts • Chocks • Rat guards • Cleats • Fenders • Lifelines • Anchor • Hawsepipe • Anchor Chain • Anchor Windlass • Brow • Accommodation Ladder

4. Pier A structure extending from land out into the water that provides a mooring for ships.

5. Mooring Lines Are used to secured ship to a pier or another ship When a ship is moored it can be: • Made fast to a mooring buoy. • Secured to a pier or another ship with mooring lines.

6. Bollard Post on a pier, over which the ship’s mooring line is placed.

7. Bitts • A pair of metal posts on the deck of the ship. • Used mainly to belay (secure) the mooring lines.

8. Chocks Fittings on the deck of a ship, through which mooring lines are led. Three Types are: • Open – open at the top. • Closed – closed by an arch of metal across the top. • Roller – contains rollers to reduce friction.

9. Seamanship Fact When a ship is moored, mooring lines run from the bits on the deck, through the chocks, and out to the pier.

10. Rat Guards Metal disks that are secured to a mooring line to prevent rats from traveling onto the ship on the mooring lines.

11. Cleats Pair of projecting horns, used for belaying line or wire.

12. Fenders Cushioning devices used to prevent contact with the ship and pier or another ship.

13. Lifelines Used to prevent personnel from falling overboard. Safety Note: Never Lean on Lifelines!

14. Anchor A device, dropped by chain, used to prevent or restrict the motion of the ship. Weight may vary from 30 pounds to 30 tons.

15. Hawespipe Guides the anchor chain through the deck and out the side of the ship.

16. Anchor Chain • Metal links that connect the anchor to the ship. • Links are connected to make up a “shot” of chain. • One “shot” is 15 fathoms long. (1 fathom – 6 feet) • Safety notes: • Next to last shot is painted yellow • Final shot is painted red • NEVER step over the anchor chain

17. Anchor Windlass A mechanical system used to raise the ship’s anchor and to handle lines or wires.

18. Vertical Windlass • Used on combatant ships. • Has capstan for handling lines/wires.

19. Horizontal Windlass • Used on amphibious and auxiliary ships. • Has gypsy heads for handling lines/wires.

20. Brow A ramp between ships or between a ship and a pier that gives personnel access to the ship.

21. Accommodation Ladder A flight of steps rigged and lowered from a ship to provide access to a small boat or pier.

22. Navy Ship Structure Terms • Keel • Hull • Weather Deck • Fantail • Forecastle • Bridge • Bow • Stern • Centerline • Port • Starboard • Inboard • Waterline • Freeboard • Draft • Trim • List • Quarterdeck

23. Gunwale Hull Keel Weather Deck Keel Keel – “Backbone” of the ship.

24. Gunwale Hull Keel Weather Deck Hull Hull – The outer skin of the ship

25. Weather Deck Bridge Weather Deck Weather Deck - Any deck exposed to the elements.

26. Weather Deck Bridge Fantail Fantail – The after end of the main deck. Fantail

27. Weather Deck Bridge Forecastle Forecastle – (pronounced “focsle”) The forward end of the main deck. Fantail

28. Weather Deck Bridge Bridge Bridge – A space in the ship’s superstructure from where personnel command the ship. Fantail

29. Bridge Bridge – Also the underway watch station for the Officer of the Deck.

30. Shipboard Points of Reference Port Bow Stern Starboard

31. Bow The forward most part of the ship Bow

32. Stern The after most part of the ship Stern

33. Centerline An imaginary line running from bow to stern

34. Port Port Left of the centerline when facing forward

35. Starboard Right of the centerline when facing forward Starboard

36. Outboard Toward the side of the ship

37. Inboard Toward the ship’s centerline

38. Stability Terms Waterline – The water level along the hull of the ship. Freeboard – The distance from the waterline to the weather deck. Draft – The distance from the keel to the waterline, measured by draft markings located at the bow and stern of the ship. Freeboard Waterline Draft

39. Stability Terms Trim – The relationship between fore and aft draft. Trim

40. Stability Terms List – Port or starboard incline of a vessel. The ships “lean” to one side.

41. Quarterdeck • Location designated by the Commanding Officer as a place to carry out official business. • The in-port watch station for the Officer of the Deck (OOD).

42. Man Overboard Procedures • Immediately sound the alarm. • “Man overboard, port (or starboard) side!” • Anyone can sound the alarm.

43. Man Overboard Procedures • Point directly at the man overboard. • Continue pointing until the bridge has them in sight.

44. Man Overboard Procedures • Drop a life ring or life jacket in the water, if possible. • Keep the person in sight!

45. Man Overboard Procedures • OOD will maneuver ship to a recovery position as general alarm is sounded. • Signal is six or more short blasts on the ship’s whistle. • Signalman will hoist the Oscar flag.

46. Summary & Review • Explain the purpose and characteristics of deck seamanship equipment. • Understand Naval Terms and how they relate to the structure of Navy ships. • Explain personal actions taken if you see a person fall overboard.

47. Deck Seamanship Equipment • Pier • Mooring Lines • Bollards • Bitts • Chocks • Rat guards • Cleats • Fenders • Lifelines • Anchor • Hawsepipe • Anchor Chain • Anchor Windlass • Brow • Accommodation Ladder

48. Navy Ship Structure Terms • Keel • Hull • Weather Deck • Fantail • Forecastle • Bridge • Bow • Stern • Centerline • Port • Starboard • Inboard • Waterline • Freeboard • Draft • Trim • List • Quarterdeck

49. Questions???