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Boating Skills & Seamanship

Boating Skills & Seamanship. Lesson 10 Powering Your Boat. Lesson Objectives (1). Characteristics of Marine Engines Two-Stroke vs Four-Stroke Engines Engine Operation & Care Marine vs Automotive Parts Engine’s Fuel & Battery Preventing Electrolysis Winterizing & Spring Check

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Boating Skills & Seamanship

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  1. Boating Skills & Seamanship Lesson 10Powering Your Boat Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc

  2. Lesson Objectives (1) • Characteristics of Marine Engines • Two-Stroke vs Four-Stroke Engines • Engine Operation & Care • Marine vs Automotive Parts • Engine’s Fuel & Battery • Preventing Electrolysis • Winterizing & Spring Check • Basic Trouble Shooting

  3. Marine Engines • D11N NOTE: • Much confusion, including this text, between Engines & Propulsion or Drive systems

  4. Installation location of engine Inboard Includes inboard, tunnel, v, stern, & tractor drives Outboard Operating cycle 2 cycle 4 cycle Fuel type Gas Diesel Types of Marine Engines

  5. Types of Marine Propulsion • Outboard: Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located outside & attached to transom. Trim function • Inboard: Engine & gearbox in boat, shaft through hull, external prop & rudder, prop at angle to water surface • Traditional uses straight shaft, engine is well forward of transom • Tunnel drive • V drive moves engine to transom, shaft cut in half and leaves engine going forward, then reverses forming a V shape • Inboard/Outboard (I/O) or Stern: Engine inboard at stern, external drive includes prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts at 90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder; trim function • Traditional I/O has large transom cut out with drive & prop on transom • Tractor or 360 degree swivel, shaft through hull, drive & prop under hull • Jet drive: Inboard engine and pump thrusts water out nozzle to propel. Impeller no prop. Swivel nozzle to turn.

  6. Engine MountedIn Boat Engine is usually modified automotive Modifications essential for safe use Inboard Engines

  7. Engine In Boat so an INBOARD Engine Outdrive Or Lower Unit Mounted On Transom Stern Drive Propulsion

  8. Engine Mounted OnTransom Outside Boat Outboard Engines

  9. Four-Stroke EnginesStroke = ½ revolution intake compression power exhaust

  10. Two-Stroke Engines

  11. Gas vs Diesel Engines • Diesel Engines • More Efficient Than Gas • Less Expensive To Operate • More Reliable • Less Hazardous Fuel • Gas Engines • Lighter And Less Expensive • Less Noisy • Less Vibration • More Volatile – Explosive Fuel

  12. Automotive vs Marine Parts • Marine Parts • Specially Made To Minimize Danger Of Fire And Explosion • Includes But Not Limited To • Alternators • Starters • Distributors • Fuel Pumps • Fuel Systems (carburetor etc.) • Be Aware – Many Marine and Auto Parts Look Alike

  13. Induction Systems Getting Fuel Into The Cylinders • Gas Engines • Traditional – Carburetor Mixes Fuel & Air • New Systems – Fuel Injection • Diesel Engines • Injection

  14. Ignition Systems Igniting The Fuel Mixture • Gas Engines • Small Outboards – Magneto • Other Outboards & all Inboards • Traditional – Battery, Distributor & Coil • Newest - Electronic • Diesel Engines • Heat Of Compression

  15. Cooling Systems • Open System • Sea Water Pumped Through Engine • Closed System • Sea Water Pumped Through Heat Exchanger • Fresh Water with Antifreeze Pumped Through Engine & Heat Exchanger

  16. Gasoline • Leaded vs Unleaded • Octane Rating • Regular - 86 • Premium - 91/93 • Check Owner’s Manual • Alcohol Additive (Gasohol) • Possible Damage To • Outboards • Fuel Lines & Tanks • Oilers (VRO)

  17. Batteries • Marine Battery – Deep-Cycle • Check • Battery Switch • Battery Charge • Corroded Terminals • Terminals Covered • Properly Secured • Ensure Proper Cable Attachment & Removal When Using Battery Charger Or Jumping Batteries

  18. Maintenance • Lubrication Oil • Checking - Changing • Outboards – Lower Units • Gear Case Oil – Grease Fittings • Hydraulic Fluid • General Checks • Bilge Pump • Oil Leaks • Stuffing Box • Drive Belts • Ignition System • Spark Plugs

  19. Maintenance • Fuel System • Filters • Fuel Lines • Cooling System • Water Levels • Hoses • Sacrificial Zincs • Propellers

  20. Winterizing The Boat • Change Oil & Filter • Fuel System • Add Stabilizer & Fill Tank • Run Engine Out of Fuel • Cooling System • Ignition System • Fresh Water System • Remove Drain Plug if on Land • Heads

  21. Spring Fitting-Out • Check • Batteries – Clamps - Cables • Seacocks – Hoses - Clamps • Hull For Cracks - Zincs • Fuel Tanks & Hoses • Bilge Blowers & Hoses • Fire Extinguishers & Flares • Steering & Trim • Galley Stove • Bilge Pump & Float Switch

  22. Trouble Shooting • Engine Will Not Turn Over • Clutch in neutral? • Battery OK? • Cable Connections OK? • Engine Will Not Start • Fuel? • Spark? • Engine Runs Rough • Engine Does Not Develop Full Power

  23. Summary (1) • Class of Marine Engines • Operating Cycle • Gas vs Diesel Engines • Automotive vs Marine Parts • Induction & Ignition Systems • Cooling Systems

  24. Summary (2) • Gasoline • Batteries • Maintenance • Winterizing The Boat • Spring Fitting-Out • Trouble Shooting

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