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Understanding Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis to ATP Production

Learn about the process of cellular respiration, from glycolysis in the cytoplasm to ATP production in the mitochondria. Discover how living organisms convert glucose into energy and the role of key components like NADH and the electron transport chain. Explore anaerobic fermentation, Kreb’s Cycle, and the essential role of oxygen. Master the steps and understand the interplay of reactions that drive energy production in cells.

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Understanding Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis to ATP Production

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  1. What is produced from eating food (heterotrophs) or made by plants (autotrophs) that is necessary for cellular respiration?

  2. What is produced from eating food (heterotrophs) or made by plants (autotrophs) that is necessary for cellular respiration? GLUCOSE

  3. Photosynthesis Why are Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Opposites? Cellular Respiration

  4. Photosynthesis Reactants of one are products of the other!!!! Reactants Products Cellular Respiration

  5. What is the equation for Cellular Respiration? (Hint: Think photosynthesis in reverse) __________ + ______ → ______ + _____ + ________

  6. What is the equation for Cellular Respiration? (Hint: Think Photosynthesis in reverse) Must know this equation!!!!

  7. Once a cell has glucose, what process takes place to convert the glucose into ATP and Pyruvate? • Where does this process take place in the cell? ??????

  8. Once a cell has glucose, what process takes place to convert the glucose into 2 ATP (energy) and 2 Pyruvates? Glycolysis • Where does this process take place in the cell? • Cytoplasm

  9. What type of living things do Glycolysis?STEP #1 of Cellular Respiration Animals? Plants? Protists? Fungi? Bacteria? NADH 2 3 1 Glycolysis 2 ATP

  10. What type of living things do Glycolysis? STEP #1 of Cellular Respiration Animals Plants Protists Fungi Bacteria NADH 2 3 Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain 1 Glycolysis All living things do glycolysis!!!! Most bacteria only use glycolysis to make 2 ATP’s and don’t need more to function because they are so small. 2 ATP

  11. Be able to describe the process of Glycolysis Glycolysis in Cytoplasm PGAL PGAL

  12. 4 ATP’s are made but 2 ATP’s go back into Glycolysis Net 2 ATP’s 2 Pyruvates (Pyruvic Acid) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and needs ATP to break 1 Glucose→ 2 PGAL’s NAD+ → NADH (energy carriers) ADP → ATP (chemical energy) Glycolysis in Cytoplasm PGAL PGAL

  13. CYTOPLASM What happens when Oxygen is present or absent after Glycolysis? 2 Pyruvates ?

  14. CYTOPLASM Oxygen present Cellular Respiration (aerobic) 2 Pyruvates Oxygen not present Anaerobic Fermentation Anaerobic Fermentation (Lactic Acid or Alcoholic)

  15. Where does Anaerobic Fermentation take place? What organisms do alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation? What is created from fermentation that is needed for Glycolysis to continue making 2 ATP’s?

  16. Where does Anaerobic Fermentation (no oxygen) take place? Cytoplasm What organisms do alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation? Alcoholic = Yeast Lactic Acid = Animals (In muscles during short bursts of energy) What is created from fermentation that is needed for Glycolysis to continue making 2 ATP’s? 2 NAD+

  17. What organisms use Cellular Respiration to make enough ATP (energy) for their needs?

  18. All Eukaryotes!!!!

  19. GLYCOLYSIS – In Cytoplasm STEP #1 Mitochondria Where do Step #2 and Step #3 of Cellular Respiration take place in the Mitochondria? STAGE 2 STAGE 3

  20. GLYCOLYSIS – In Cytoplasm STEP #1 Mitochondria Kreb’s Cycle takes place in the Matrix (space )of the Mitochondria STEP #2 Matrix STAGE 2 Electron Transport Chain takes place in the INNER MEMBRANE of the Mitochondria STAGE 3 STEP #3 Inner Membrane Hint: “Cycles take place in the SPACE” (Matrix)

  21. Step #2: What is this process called and what products are made? Charged Battery Charged Batteries ? NADH 2 3 1 ? Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates ? 2 ATP ?

  22. Step #2: What is this process called and what products are made? CO₂, NADH, FADH₂, 2ATP Charged Battery Charged Batteries NADH FADH2 NADH 2 3 1 Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates CO₂ out 2 ATP 2 ATP

  23. Step #2 2 Pyruvates →Acetyl CoA NADH & FADH₂ (Energy Carriers) are made from the cycle They are needed for Step #3 Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) CO₂ and 2 ATP’s are made Goes to Step #3

  24. Step #2 A more detailed picture of Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

  25. Step #3: What is this process called and what products are made? What is the essential reactant? Charged Battery Charged Batteries NADH FADH2 NADH ? 2 3 1 Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle ? Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates ? ? CO₂ out 2 ATP 2 ATP

  26. Step #3: What is this process called and what products are made? What is the essential reactant? Charged Battery NADH FADH2 NADH O₂ in 2 3 1 Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates Electron Transport Chain H₂O out 32 ATP CO₂ out 2 ATP 2 ATP

  27. Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP

  28. REMEMBER: Electron Transport Chain Lucy and Ethelrepresent the OXYGEN needed Candyrepresented the Hydrogen present Wrapped Candy represent the WATER being produced Oxygen H₂O H+

  29. What part of cellular respiration produces the most energy (ATP)? Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle Glycolysis Electron Transport Chain

  30. What part of cellular respiration produces the most energy (ATP)? Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP

  31. Name the 3 steps of Cellular Respiration in correct order

  32. Name the 3 steps of Cellular Respiration in correct order Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Electron Transport Chain

  33. Cellular Respiration - Overview

  34. Cellular Respiration - Overview

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