South Africa

1. South Africa • Most developed African country • 5% of Africans live there • Produces 2/5 of Africa’s factory goods and about half of its minerals • Produces a fifth of the continent’s farm products

2. Multiracial Society • Black • Largest ethnic group in South Africa (migrated mostly from Central Africa • White • Dutch settlers (Boers) developed new language (combination of Dutch, words from other settlers, and black Africans-Afrikaan) These white colonists known as Afrikaners • Descendants of Afrikaners and British colonists-white ethnic group • Coloured (colored) • Children from blacks and whites who married • Asian • Mostly from India

3. Apartheid • South African policy (1948-1990) separating people according to race. • Gave most political and economic power to whites

4. Bantu • indigenous people from Central and South Africa

5. Dutch settlers (Boers) arrived in 1652 • different languages on the signs (English and Afrikaan)

6. 600 years Bantu lived in Africa • 1800s Boers, Bantu and British battled for land (British won-English language dominated) • When British came into rule in 1902, they began enforcing discrimination laws • Integration in the mines • In 1948, in an all-white election Afrikaners in power

7. Blacks are no longer South Africans • Blacks assigned to fictional homelands • Soweta Riots started because the language ub schools became Afrikaan

8. Steve Biko new leader fighting apartheid. He started Black Consciousness Movement • Biko killed while in prison • Mandela freed from prison when he was 72 (spent 27 years in prison) • Apartheid ended mainly due to economic sanctions (causing bankruptcy), increased military black force • 1994 first all-race election- Mandela first black president