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UNIT 4. HAVE TO & QUANTIFIERS. PRESENT SIMPLE I WORK HARD I DON’T WORK HARD DO YOU WORK HARD??? PAST SIMPLE I WORK ED HARD I DIDN’T WORK HARD DID YOU WORK HARD? SIMPLE FUTURE I WILL WORK HARD I WON’T WORK HARD WILL YOU WORK HARD?. PRESENT SIMPLE SHE DRINK S TEA
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UNIT 4 HAVE TO & QUANTIFIERS
PRESENT SIMPLE I WORK HARD I DON’T WORK HARD DO YOU WORK HARD??? PAST SIMPLE I WORKED HARD I DIDN’T WORK HARD DID YOU WORK HARD? SIMPLE FUTURE I WILL WORK HARD I WON’T WORK HARD WILL YOU WORK HARD? PRESENT SIMPLE SHE DRINKS TEA SHE DOESN’T DRINK TEA DOES SHE DRINK TEA? PAST SIMPLE SHE DRANK TEA SHE DIDN’T DRINK TEA DID SHE DRINK TEA? SIMPLE FUTURE SHE WILL DRINK TEA? SHE WON’T DRINK TEA WILL SHE DRINK TEA SIMPLE TENSES REVIEW
MODAL MUST I MUST CLEAN THE FLOOR I MUSTN’T CLEAN THE FLOOR MUST YOU CLEAN THE FLOOR?
MUST (SPECIAL) MODAL (NO AUXILIARIES) 3rd p. ( NO -S) + V-INF SHE MUST SWIM SHE MUSTN’T SWIM MUST SHE SWIM? HAVE TO (LEXICAL) + AUX (DO/DOES) 3rd p. +S TO + V-INF I HAVE TO SWIM I DON’T HAVE TO SWIM DO YOU HAVE TO SWIM? HAVE TO = MUST (OBLIGATION)“HAVER DE”
MUST OBLIGATION PRESENT!!! Students must do their homework. MUSTN’T PROHIBITION You mustn’t smoke in the toilet. HAVE TO OBLIGATION PRESENT (HAVE TO) PAST (HAD TO) FUTURE (WILL HAVE TO) I have to tidy my room. DON’T HAVE TO NOT AN OBLIGATION You don’t have to copy this example. USE
I HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. I DON’T HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. DO YOU HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR? I HAD TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. I DIDN’T HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. DID YOU HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR? I WILL HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. I WON’T HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. WILL YOU HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR? SHE HAS TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. SHE DOESN’T HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR. DOES SHE HAVE TO CLEAN THE FLOOR? SHE HAD TO CLEAN… SHE WILL HAVE TO CLEAN …
DETERMINERS & QUANTIFIERS
COUNTABLE NOUNS • INDEFINITE ARTICLE • SINGULAR!!!! • ONLY WITH COUNTABLE NOUNS SINGULAR • = UN / UNA
A NO PLURAL! • WITH PLURAL COUNTABLE NOUNS WE USE • SOME (AFFIRMATIVE) • ANY (NEGATIVE & INTERROGATIVE)
UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS • WE CAN’T USE A/AN !!!!!!!!! • (BECAUSE THEY CAN’T BE EXPRESSED IN AN EXACT QUANTITY) • WE DRANK A MILK (= VAM BEURE “UNA” LLET...) • WE USE: • SOME (AFFIRMATIVE) • ANY (NEGATIVE/INTERROGATIVE) REMEMBER! UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS ARE ALWAYS SINGULAR NOUNS!!!!!!
SOME + QUESTIONS!!! EXCEPTIONS: • OFFERS. WOULD YOU LIKE SOME COFFEE? • PETITIONS. CAN YOU LEND ME SOME MONEY?