Inquiry : How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

1. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Do Now Sort the items on your table into the 3 categories: a) Solid, b) Liquid, or c) Gas 2) Observe the items on your desk. In your notes, record the qualities that are similar for most solids, most liquids, and most gases Next >

2. Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave? Agenda: • Watch the video clip “States of Matter” (3 mins) • Read the article “States of matter” (4 mins) • Complete chart. (5 mins) • Complete interactive

3. Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave? DO NOT TOUCH THE LAPTOPS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO!!!

4. Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave? USING THE LAPTOPS 1) THERE IS NO FOOD OR DRINKS NEAR THE LAPTOPS 2) Laptops are not for personal use! 3) You must ONLY work on the laptop assigned to you. 4) You are to ONLY go on the sites assigned by the teacher 5) Keep the computer away from the tables edge 6) Treat the laptop with care -> they are brand new! DO NOT write, scratch, or peel the material labels off the laptop!! Anyone unable to follow the rules will no longer be allowed laptop use for the rest of the semester, marked as cutting, and will be given an automatic detention.

5. Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave? Task: • Read the directions on your activity sheet to navigate through the interactive • Read the slides and respond to the questions • The activity sheet is both sides of the paper.

6. CLEAN UP YOUR AREA! -Throw away all garbage on your table and on the floor.

7. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

8. L.T: I can write creatively about each state of matter Do Now: Sort the labels and pictures on your desk based on the different states of matter

9. Temperature??? Temperature??

10. Inquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object? I Investigation question: How does increasing the temperature of water affect how fast the water molecules move? Independent Variable: Dependent Variable: Constant (Fair experiment): Materials: the temperature of the water how fast the water molecules move same amount of water same type of beakers 3) A hot plate 2) Water 1) Two beakers 4) Two thermometers 5) Food Coloring 6) Two timers

11. Inquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object? Step 1) Measure 150 mL of water into each beaker Step 2) Label one beaker “room temperature” water and the other beaker “heated water.” Procedure: Step 3) Using the hot plate, heat the water in the beaker labeled “heated water” until it reaches. 70oC Step 4) Measure and record the temperature of the water in both beakers. Step 5) Place 3 drops of food coloring in both beakers at the same time. Record the amount of time it takes for the food coloring to spread through the water in each beaker. Step 6) Rinse both beakers. Repeat steps 1- 6 two times

12. Inquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object? Investigation Question: How does increasing the temperature of water affect how fast the water molecules move?

13. Temperature of water vs Length of time for food coloring to circulate 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 Time (s) 70 60 50 40 30 Trial 1 Trial 2 20 Trial 3 10 0 Heated (87oC) Rm. Temp (25oC) Rm. Temp (25oC) Heated (86oC) Heated (85oC) Rm. Temp (24oC) Temperature (oC)

14. Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? Journal Entry (in your binder): Observe what happens to the water as it is heated. List at least 3 qualitative observations. Are we adding or subtracting energy from the water by heating it? Next >

15. Solid Liquid Gas Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? All matter possesses a certain amount of energy because atoms/molecules are always moving. Temperature measures the amount of motion/energy, and heat in an object. (measured in Celsius (oC), Fahrenheit (oF), or Kelvin Next >

16. Solid Liquid Gas Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? Matter: anything that takes up space. (made up of atoms/molecules) States of Matter: different phase of matter based on the amount of energy the atoms have. Next >

17. Solids Shape-shifting ability: solids keep the same shape no matter what container they are in. Volume: solids take up the same amount of space no matter what container they are in. Atoms movement and energy: atoms/molecules in a solid do not move a lot. (vibrate). Low energy Next >

18. Liquids (intermediate stage between solids and gases) Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is in Volume: Liquids take up the same amount of space no matter what container they are in. Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a liquid move around more freely than in a solid. (Medium energy) Next >

19. Gases Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is in Volume: Gas can be compressed to change the amount of space they take up. (no set volume) Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a gas move around quickly. (High energy) Next >

20. Gases The volume of a gas is affected by both temperature and pressure. At higher temperatures, the particles in a gas have more energy, so they move around more rapidly. 0° C This causes the gas to occupy more space at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures. 100° C Next >

21. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Melting: solid to liquid. Melting point: the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. (waters melting point = above OoC or 32oF) Solid Liquid Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

22. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Freezing: liquid to solid Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. (waters freezing point = 0oC or 32oF) Liquid Solid Decreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

23. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? *Evaporation: liquid to gas *Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas. (waters boiling point = 100oC or 212oF) Liquid Gas Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

24. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? *Condensation (con-den-say-shun): gas to liquid Gas Liquid Decreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

25. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Sublimation(sub-li-ma-shun): solid to gas (skips over liquid stage) Solid Gas Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

26. Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? *Copy Journal Entry in your binder* Journal Entry: • View video “Energy and the four states of matter”. • Summarize the video. • Sequence the 4 states of matter in order from lowest atomic energy to highest atomic energy.

27. Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? Task: • View the animation of the water cycle and the NASA video “Earths Water Cycle” • In your own words define: • Evaporation • Evapotranspiration (e-vap-o-trans-per-a-shun) c) Name and describe the process that creates clouds. d) Define Precipitation

28. Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? *Copy the flow chart:* Water cycle

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30. Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? 1) Match the different characteristics with the appropriate state of matter. Record it in your notes Assessment Question: The 3 pictures below represent the atoms in each of the 3 different states of matter. Label the picture that you think represents a solid. Task: Solid

31. Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change? *Copy notes in your binder* (3 mins) Phase Change: a physical change, when a substance changes its state of matter. Ex. At boiling point, a phase change occurs from liquid to gas. The temperature at which water becomes a gas (steam) is 100° C or 212oF. Boiling points of other liquids may be much higher or lower than this. Next >

32. Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change? Task: • Today you will complete an investigation to determine what happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change. • After every minute, you will be measuring the temperature of water while it is being heated. • If you did not print your lab sheets, you must set up a new sheet of loose leaf as described in the following 2 slides:

33. Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? *Set up your a sheet of loose leaf paper as follows: 1) What do you think will happen to the temperature of the water if it is continually heated? (If…then…because hypothesis) Response: ____________________________________ 2) What do you think will happen to the temperature of the water when it starts to boil? (If…then…because hypothesis) Response: ___________________________________ Data Table: *(Leave a few lines to give your response) *(Leave a few lines to give your response)

34. Data Table *Continue your data table up to minutes 20. You should have 22 rows in total

35. Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change? The melting point of a substance is one of its most important properties. This is the temperature at which a substance turns from a solid into a liquid. The melting point of ice is above 0° C or 32oF. This means that water is a liquid at room temperature (20° C). Next >

36. Inquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change? Boiling Point : Phase change from liquid to gas 100 Temperature of water (oC) 0 Time (minutes)

37. Evaporation Phase change (L to G) Inquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change? 100 Temperature of water (oC) 0 Time (minutes) During a phase change, the temperature stays constant (the same).

38. Evaporation Phase change (L to G) 100 Liquid (water) Melting Phase change (S to L) Temperature of H2O (oC) 0 Solid (ice) -10 0 Time (minutes)