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sciencemuseum.uk/exhibitions/energy/site/EIZCaseStudy18Item2.asp

Middle-aged Sun 4.6 Billion years old. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/sun/Solar_interior/Nuclear_Reactions/Fusion/dt_fusion.gif. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sun_Life.png. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/exhibitions/energy/site/EIZCaseStudy18Item2.asp.

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sciencemuseum.uk/exhibitions/energy/site/EIZCaseStudy18Item2.asp

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  1. Middle-aged Sun 4.6 Billion years old http://www.windows.ucar.edu/sun/Solar_interior/Nuclear_Reactions/Fusion/dt_fusion.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sun_Life.png http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/exhibitions/energy/site/EIZCaseStudy18Item2.asp

  2. http://astronomy.nju.edu.cn/astron/AT3/AT31709.HTM

  3. A faint young sun ~4 billion years ago the sun was 70% as luminous as today The Faint Young Sun Paradox. Solid line is solar luminosity relative to present (S/S0). Ts is Earth’s surface temperature and Te is Earth’s effective radiating temperature. Thick vertical bars are glaciations. SOURCE: Modified from Kasting and Catling (2003). http://www.nap.edu/books/0309095069/html/64.html

  4. http://www.resa.net/nasa/images/mars/stromatolites.jpg http://www.scotese.com/images/precamb_events.jpg

  5. The Faint Young Sun Paradox. Solid line is solar luminosity relative to present (S/S0). Ts is Earth’s surface temperature and Te is Earth’s effective radiating temperature. Thick vertical bars are glaciations. SOURCE: Modified from Kasting and Catling (2003). Less solar radiation (70 W/m2) so Earth should be frozen, BUT it wasn’t! http://www.nap.edu/books/0309095069/html/64.html

  6. The Faint Young Sun Paradox. Solid line is solar luminosity relative to present (S/S0). Ts is Earth’s surface temperature and Te is Earth’s effective radiating temperature. Thick vertical bars are glaciations. SOURCE: Modified from Kasting and Catling (2003). Less solar radiation (70 W/m2 less) so Earth should be frozen, BUT it wasn’t! What compensated for the Weak radiation (heat)? http://www.nap.edu/books/0309095069/html/64.html

  7. The Faint Young Sun Paradox. Solid line is solar luminosity relative to present (S/S0). Ts is Earth’s surface temperature and Te is Earth’s effective radiating temperature. Thick vertical bars are glaciations. SOURCE: Modified from Kasting and Catling (2003). Less solar radiation (70 W/m2 less) so Earth should be frozen, BUT it wasn’t! What compensated for the Weak radiation (heat)? Compensation ONCompensation OFF http://www.nap.edu/books/0309095069/html/64.html

  8. Heat from below – Geothermal heat http://www.huxley.ic.ac.uk/Local/EarthSciUG/ESFirstYr/EarthMaterials/mrpalmer/EarthMaterials/earth/earth1/f4.gif

  9. Heat from below – Geothermal heat 0.3 W/m2 more heat…. Not enough to make up for 70 W/m2 less solar heat. Maybe enough to keep the deep ocean from freezing. http://www.huxley.ic.ac.uk/Local/EarthSciUG/ESFirstYr/EarthMaterials/mrpalmer/EarthMaterials/earth/earth1/f4.gif

  10. What about albedo? Was it much lower in Earth’s early history?

  11. What about albedo? Was it much lower in Earth’s early history?

  12. Redistribute the Carbon – put more Carbon in atm

  13. Super greenhouse world

  14. Super greenhouse world But where did all the atm CO2 go?

  15. So where did the CO2 come from that isn’t still supplying it at the same rate today?

  16. So where did the CO2 come from that isn’t still supplying it at the same rate today?

  17. So early Earth had more volcanic outgassing. Why didn’t the CO2 that was emitted early on just build up in atm? Must be more to the story…. Is anything removing the atm CO2 that didn’t before? Carbon in the Earth

  18. Super greenhouse world Earliest life

  19. Super greenhouse world Earliest life

  20. Once the continents are built then they can be chemically weathered – this removes atm CO2

  21. Long Term Climate Thermostat = Chemical weathering of continents What type of feedback is this?

  22. So volcanic outgassing was the main input of CO2 in early Earth and chemical weathering was the main drawdown of atm CO2. limestones

  23. The Faint Young Sun Paradox. Solid line is solar luminosity relative to present (S/S0). Ts is Earth’s surface temperature and Te is Earth’s effective radiating temperature. Thick vertical bars are glaciations. SOURCE: Modified from Kasting and Catling (2003).

  24. What about life? What role did it play in atmospheric evolution of Earth?

  25. http://www.eas.slu.edu/People/CEGraves/Eas138/fg02_18.jpg

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