Michigan Association of Drug Court Professionals

1. Michigan Association of Drug Court Professionals • Improving Relationships and Behaviors of Parents in Family Treatment Court Involved in Supervisory Visitations with their Children • March 11, 2014 • Amy Mack, LMSW • Denise Wheatley, MS, CFLE

3. The next picture contains 2 identical dolphins. It was used in a case study on stress levels at St. Mary's Hospital.Notice the two dolphins jumping out of the water. The dolphins are identical. A closely monitored, scientific study revealed that, in spite of the fact that the dolphins are identical, a person under stress would find differences in the two dolphins. The more differences found between the dolphins, the more stress that person is experiencing.Look closely at the photograph and if you find more than one or two differences, you need to go on a holiday. Dolphin Stress

4. “If you treat an individual as he is, he will stay as he is, but if you treat him as if he were what he ought to be and could be, he will become what he ought to be and could be.”Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe

5. Parent engagement

6. Parent engagement strategies help parents develop: • new capacities • new skills • knowledge they can use again and again to strengthen their families and communities • Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities

7. Parent engagement involves families in decisions about: Themselves Their children Services they want/need Their community • Parent engagement is guided by the belief that parents are capable of: Setting and accomplishing their goals Learning new behaviors Identifying the help they need Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities

8. Rather than the old notion that services “fix” those who need help and support, parents are engaged as respected partners working towards goals defined by families. • LA Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities

9. Engaging Parents in Decision Making Regarding their Children • Parents as experts • Teaming with professionals to be included as valued team members (i.e. IEP’s) • Parents as mentors, guides or staff • Build strong communities • Involvement in program and policy development

10. Characteristicsof successful parent engagement practices: LA Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities Welcoming Environment Focus on clear shared outcomes Respect of individual experience, views and cultural issues

11. Cont. successful parent engagement • Partnerships with parents… nurturing parent leaders • Focus on strengths and empowerment • Use of hands on learning approach • Network and support building

12. “It is important that parents feel free to try new things and not be judged, even if they don’t succeed. Even if you make a mistake, you’re still learning.”Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities

13. SUSTAINING ENGAGEMENT • REQUIRES FLEXIBILITY TO ADAPT STRATEGIES AS CHANGE IS NEEDED

14. Observation Rating Scale • Therapeutic Visitation Treatment Plan Black-Pond, 2013

15. TRAUMA • Threatens the life or physical integrity of a child or of someone critically important to that child (such as a parent, grandparent, or sibling) • Causes an overwhelming sense of terror, helplessness, and horror • Produces physical changes such as pounding heart, rapid breathing, trembling, dizziness, or loss of bladder or bowel control • www.nctsn.org

16. Previous relationships with domestic violence Parents/ extended family does drugs Had loving grandma Invisible Suitcase Has a good friend who has offered housing Did not finish high school Has not kept a job in the last two years Molestation by neighbor Alcoholic father

17. Motivational Interviewing

18. Motivational Interviewing Motivational Interviewing is a client centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence. Motivational Interviewing, 2nd edition

19. Readiness to Change

21. Study conducted in three different alcohol treatment programs, patients identified to staff as having high potential for recovery (but who in fact had been chosen at random) were significantly more likely to be sober and working a year after discharge. Motivational Interviewing, 2nd edition

22. You would think…… • “You would think hangovers, damaged relationships, an auto crash, and memory blackouts would be enough to convince a woman to stop drinking.” • You would think knowing you cannot see your kids again until you attend a parenting class would motivate a man to go to class. • You would think time spent in the confines of jail or prison would dissuade people from reoffending. Motivational interviewing, 2nd edition

23. “It is the hallmark of addictive behaviors that they persist despite what seems overwhelming evidence of their destructiveness. Increasing the severity of punishment seems to offer little deterrence.” Motivational Interviewing, 2nd edition

24. Child born- Adult frustration begins Demands of child overwhelm caregiver Seeking out risky relationships Getting Pregnant Expect child will meet my needs Child escalates in aggression and dysregulation Child enters foster care Adult reactivity resulting in disengagement or aggression Adult harms/neglects child Need to be loved Adult turns to alcohol/drugs as coping method Adult enters court system • The Real Game of Life: • Adult Trauma Risk

25. MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING • TRUE OR FALSE • Nearly 50% of people indicate that they appreciate being given advice. • (false, 1 in 6 people appreciate advice) • Motivational Interviewing is a theory or model of communication. • (false, Motivational Interviewing is a method of communication) • Motivational Interviewing elicits a persons’ motivation to change. • (true, “being ready” for change is imperative)

26. MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING Cont. True/False • Exploring and resolving ambivalence is an important component of Motivational Interviewing. • (true, intrinsic motivation to change must be explored and ambivalence regarding change must be resolved)

27. PCIT

28. What is PCIT • Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an empirically-supported treatment for young children with emotional and behavioral disorders that places emphasis on improving the quality of the parent-child relationship and changing parent-child interaction patterns. www.pcit.org

29. “The fastest and best antidote for stress reactions usually is feeling secure in a primary relationship.” Hijacked by Your Brain, How to free yourself when stress takes over. Dr. Julian Ford and Jon Wortman. (2013) Sourcebooks, Inc. illinois

30. Ways to Praise itPraisable Behaviors You did a great job of… Sitting still I like the way you’re… Talking with your inside voice That’s an excellent way to … Staying at the table That’s a good idea to… Working quietly I’m proud of you for… Raising your hand quietly I think it’s wonderful that you… Waiting quietly in line You are smart to… Doing what I asked you You’re terrific for… Accepting help from your teacher I like it when you’re… Working carefully Thank you for… Sharing Good girl/boy for… Trying hard Nice job of… Doing it all by yourself You should be proud of yourself for… Listening carefully CMU PCIT Clinic 2006 Examples of Labeled Praise

31. PRIDE SKILLS • 1. PRAISE - Tell your child specifically what is good: “Thank you for using your inside voice.” • 2. REFLECT - Child says, “Mom, this is a funny thing on top of his head!” • Parent says, “Yes, his hat is very silly!” • 3. IMITATE - Doing the same thing your child is doing • *Parallel play • *Cooperative play • 4. DESCRIBE - Tell your child exactly what he or she is doing: “You’re drawing a sun.” • 5. ENTHUSIASM!!!! - Show excitement through your voice and body language: • “Wow, you did such a nice job on that!”

32. Practice avoiding • COMMANDS • “get the blue block and put it here.” • QUESTIONS • “why does the girl have to sit there?” • CRITICISM • “that won’t work where you put the bridge.” www.pcit.org

33. Activities • Practice giving labeled praise with partners • With a set of Legos and a partner one person builds a structure and the other practices using PCIT skills Praise Reflect Imitate Describe Enthusiasm

34. Resource Page • http://www.aecf.org/upload/PublicationFiles/CC2977K440.pdf Theory of Change: A Practical Tool For Action, Results and Learning • http://www.cssp.org/publications/child-welfare/partnerships-for-families-stories-and-lessons-from-los-angeles-communities-2010.pdf Partnerships for Families: Stories and Lessons from Los Angeles Communities. This document is based on findings of the FIRST 5 LA. Topics covered include Successful Collaboration: Relevant National Field Research, Parent Engagement: National Research and Experiences, Partnerships For Families, etc. • Ford, Julian, & Wortman, Jon., Hijacked by your Brain, Sourcebooks, 2013. • Miller, William R. & Rollnick, Stephen. Motivational Interviewing, Second Edition: Preparing People for Change., Guilford Press Publisher, 2002. • McNeil, Cheryl Bodiford & Hembree-Kigin, Toni L., Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (Issues in Clinical Child Psychology), Springer Publishing, 2010. • http://www.pcit.org • http://www.strengtheningfamiliesillinois.org/index.php/line/catergory/parent_cafe Online protective factors training modules – free. Topics included: building relationships with families, recognizing and responding to signs of family stress, communicating with families

35. 3rd floor Unified Clinics • Kalamazoo, MI 49008 • Ph:269-387-7073 • Fax: 269-387-7050 • E mail:ctac@wmich.edu • Website: www.wmich.edu/traumacenter