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The Rashidun: Overview of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs

Gain an understanding of the Caliphate and the significance of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs in Sunni Islam. Explore their names, meaning of the term "Caliph," and their contributions. Homework includes reading and a video.

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The Rashidun: Overview of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs

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  1. The Rashidun (Rightly-Guided Caliphs) Aim: To gain an overview of the Caliphate. LO’s: • To know the names of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs. • To understand what it meant by the term Caliph. • To develop an over view of the Caliphs. Reading: Islam. A Short History by Karen Armstrong, Islam Beliefs and Teaching by Ghulam Sarwar,

  2. Read the information on the events leading up to the caliphate and put it under the correct headings:

  3. Pairs: A: mind map the meaning of the phrase “Seal of the Prophets” B: mind map the meaning of the phrase “Rightly Guided Caliph”

  4. Pairs: A: mind map the meaning of the phrase “Seal of the Prophets” • This term (al-Ahzab 33:40), or the phrase "seal of prophecy" (Khatam an-Nubuwwa) is used by Muslims to mean two different things. This entry discuss the metaphorical meaning. For the other meaning, see Seal of Prophethood. This is a metaphorical term used to mean the "last prophet", the "last of the prophets", the "final prophet", that no other prophet is to come after Muhammad. Muslims apply this meaning to Muhammad to emphasize the finality and supremacy of Muhammad's prophethood. In so doing, many have used it to "prove" that he is the final prophet against the claim of the Ahmadis, and also that his message supercedes those before him, most notably, the Jews and the Christians. • Muhammad himself claimed to be the "seal of the prophets": • The Prophet said: "Truly Allah made me the Seal of prophets while Adam was between water and clay." (related by Ahmad in the "Musnad," by Bayhaqi in "Dala'il an-Nubuwwa" and Ibn Kathir in his book "Mawlid Rasul Allah.") In a variant of the verse as-Saff 61:6 by Ubayy b. Ka'ab, it reads • "O children of Israel, I am God's messenger to you, and I announce to you a prophet whose community will be the last community and by which God will put the seal on the prophets and messengers." [this verse is different in today's Qur'an.]

  5. Pairs: B: mind map the meaning of the phrase “Rightly Guided Caliph” The RashidunCaliphs (meaning "Rightly Guided", "Righteously Guided", "Righteous" Caliphs; Arabic: الخلفاء الراشدون‎ al-Khulafāʾu ar-Rāshidūn), often simply called, collectively, "the Rashidun", is a term used in Sunni Islam to refer to the first four caliphs (successors) following the death of the Islamic prophetMuhammad, namely: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali of the Rashidun Caliphate, the first caliphate. The concept of "Rightly Guided Caliphs" originated with the later Abbasid Caliphate based in Baghdad. It is a reference to the Sunni imperative "Hold firmly to my example (sunnah) and that of the Rightly Guided Caliphs" (Ibn Majah, Abu Dawood).

  6. Groups: Complete the sheet on the Caliphs

  7. Plenary Which Caliph do you think is the most successful? Homework: Read Karen Armstrong’s Article. Make notes under the subtitles: Each of 4 Caliphs. Nature of Caliph. Rightly Guided. Purpose. Minimum 1 side of A4..

  8. The Caliphs • Al-Jazeera • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3O9d7PsI48&t=2056s • Complete questions from the worksheet.

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