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Phase Transitions and the Perfectness of Fluids

Phase Transitions and the Perfectness of Fluids. Jiunn-Wei Chen National Taiwan U. Shear viscosity measures how “perfect” a fluid is!. Review: shear viscosity minimum bound conjecture QCD shear viscosity in the hadronic phase: (a) zero density ( w/ Eiji Nakano )

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Phase Transitions and the Perfectness of Fluids

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  1. Phase Transitions and the Perfectness of Fluids Jiunn-Wei Chen National Taiwan U.

  2. Shear viscosity measures how “perfect” a fluid is!

  3. Review: shear viscosity minimum bound conjecture • QCD shear viscosity in the hadronic phase: (a) zero density (w/ Eiji Nakano) (b) nuclear L-G phase transition (w/ Yen-Fu Liu, Yen-Han Li, Eiji Nakano) • Scalar field theory (w/ Mei Huang, Yen-Han Li, Eiji Nakano, Di-Lun Yang) • Bulk Viscosity(w/ Juven Wang)

  4. Shear viscosity Frictional force

  5. Kubo Formula

  6. Kovtun, Son, and Starinets (’05) Conjecture: Shear viscosity / entropy density • Motivated by AdS/CFT

  7. QGP (quark gluon plasma) almost saturates the bound @ just above Tc (Teaney; Romatschke, Romatschke; Song, Heinz) • LQCD, gluon pasma (Karsch, Wyld; Nakamura, Sakai; Meyer) QGP near Tc, a perfect fluid, SQGP • PQGP: Asakawa, Bass, Müller; Xu, Greiner

  8. QCD Phase Diagram

  9. What happens below Tc?

  10. Pion gas ChPT (chiral perturbation theory) • Non-perturbative in coupling Boltzman equation Earlier work: Prakash, Prakash, Venugopalan, Welke; Dobado, Llanes-Estrada; Csernai, Kapusta , McLerran

  11. JWC, Nakano

  12. QCD Phase Diagram

  13. The “Landscape” JWC, Li, Liu, Nakano; Itakura , Morimatsu, Otomo

  14. The “Landscape” JWC, Li, Liu, Nakano

  15. QCD Phase Diagram

  16. Cold Unitary Atoms Rupak & Schafer 2007 Lacey et al., PRL 98:092301,2007; 2007 US Nuclear Science Long Range Plan

  17. of Water (Lacey et al.)

  18. (JWC, M. Huang, Y.H. Li, E. Nakana, D.L. Yang) 1st-order phase transition a > 0, b < 0, c > 0 2nd-order p.t.: a < 0, b > 0, c = 0 crossover: + No p.t.: a > 0, b > 0, c = 0

  19. Weak coupling, Boltzmann eq. • Mean field calculation • CJT formulism (Cornwall, Jackiw, Tomboulis)

  20. of Water (Lacey et al.)

  21. QCD Bulk Viscosity (Chiral Limit) Karsch, Kharzeev, Tuchin; Meyer; JWC, Wang

  22. QCD Bulk Viscosity Karsch, Kharzeev, Tuchin; Meyer; JWC, Wang Possible effect see Song & Heinz’s work

  23. Bulk Viscosity Gubser, Nellore, Pufu, Rocha Li, Huang

  24. Outlook I: Universality? Universal and behaviors? ( reaches local minimum near p.t. reaches local maximum near p.t.)

  25. Mapping QCD phase diagram by ? Locating critical end point (Lacey)

  26. Outlook II: Invading the Bound Go metastable(T. Cohen)

  27. Outlook Invading the bound(T. Cohen)

  28. Go Finite N • O(1/N) effect, Higher derivative gravity, (Brigante, Liu, Myers, Shenker, Yaida; Kats, Petrov)

  29. Outlook III: Cold Atoms • NR AdS/CFT Cold Unitary Atoms Adams, Balasubramanian, McGreevy; Maldacena, Martelli, Tachikawa; Herzog, Rangamani, Ross, 2008 d = 2 + 1

  30. Outlook III: Cold Atoms • NR AdS/CFT Cold Unitary Atoms Adams, Balasubramanian, McGreevy; Maldacena, Martelli, Tachikawa; Herzog, Rangamani, Ross, 2008 d = 2 + 1 Not for cold atoms at 2+1 d, where unitary fermi gas is a free gas JWC, Wen, 08

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