Content

1. ESA Space Weather Applications Activities in Space Environmentsand Effects A. Glover, E. DalySpace Environments and Effects Section, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

2. Content • Space Weather Applications Initiative & SWENET • Space Environments and Effects Network of Technical Competences • R and D activities • Next Steps

3. Space Weather Pilot Project Goals Through development of a coordinated network of services aim to: • Sample European market for SW services • ~5MEuro investment (2MEuro from ESA/GSP) • Questions: users?, valuable services?, need for specific space elements?, value of coordinated approach?, organisational requirements…? • Establish the case for a European space weather service based on: • Sample market (SDA network) • Open literature • Take into account both financial and potential strategic issues • Include as much quantitative information as possible • Produce an independent unbiased analysis for use in future decision making Cost and Benefit Analysis Goals

4. Service Network & Status • SWENET and SDA network operational • ESA/GSP support now concluded • Review of cost and benefit analysis study outputs ongoing • Strong community support for maintaining SWENET • National activities developing: e.g. in France, Germany, Spain, Belgium Approximate distribution of active users:

5. Network of Technical Competences on Space Environments and Effects: SEENotC • Goals: • to reinforce the coordination of existing and planned space environments and effects related activities in Europe, • implementation of a coherent European programme of activities in the domain, • Domain: • energetic particle radiation and its effects on systems, payloads and humans; • natural and induced plasma environments and their interactions with spacecraft, and resulting effects on systems and payloads • Explicitly excluded are space debris, micrometeoroid and thermal environments.

6. Specific Responsibilities and Activities • Define and implement the framework for a reinforced co-ordination of present and future national and ESA resources in the area of space environments and effects; • coordinate in Member States’ agencies, technical centres and industry: • R&D; • establishment and operation of facilities for supporting project development and R&D; • preparation and maintenance of engineering standards; • Capture details of activities in Europe and elsewhere, highlight areas of concern, and establish priority requirements for actions taking account of end-user needs; • Establish and maintain a medium and long-term plan including activities related to: • flight opportunities for environments and effects investigations; • environments and effects models and computational tools; • environmental effects (radiation, plasma, etc.) evaluation; • Validation of procedures, methods and tools • Promote awareness of space environment effects issues;

7. SEENotC Will Also… • Define and develop the European role vis-à-vis other international entities; • Liaise with other European technical groups, including • ESCC/CTB/RGW (European Space Components Coordination / Component Technology Board / Radiation Working Group) • ECSS (European Cooperation on Space Standards) • SPINE (Spacecraft-Plasma Interactions Network in Europe) • SWWT (Space Weather Working Team),- capturing end user needs and concerns. Working Group Main Goals: • detailed technical analysis of individual issues, • analysis and validation of the results of activities of the network members, including industry, • and establishment of a technical roadmap based on capture of user requirements, including the needs of industry.

8. Some Related R and D Activities at ESA Recently completed: • Feasibility study on nanosatellites (<10kg) for space weather monitoring • Space environment support system for comms/nav systems (SESS) • Based on SEISOP system developed in conjunction with D/OPS • ISAC: Influence of Solar Activity Cycles on Climate (via D/EOP) Ongoing: • Solar Energetic Particle Environment Modelling • MuSTAnG: Greifswald Muon Telescope • Analysis of Giove-A radiation monitor data Upcoming: • Space Weather Warning for Space Systems, TRP, expected Q3/2007 • Analysis of data from radiation monitors onboard Giove A2 (launch late 2008) + Galileo IOV • Energetic Electron Models for MEO • SEENotC – coordination and new developments • New opportunities: see http://emits.esa.int & SWEN newsletter: #swen@esa.int

9. Conclusions • ESA is involved in many diverse space weather activities through D/TEC, D/Sci, D/OPS and D/EOP. Also growing interest in context of manned spaceflight • SWPP has shown evidence of interest from industry. • Significant market potential growth expected for Nav and S/C. • Refinement of market scenarios and outcome of the cost benefit analysis ongoing • Report to ESA management Summer 2007 • Organisational issues need to be discussed with stake holders (ESA, EU, Industry, National agencies) in the next 6 months. • SEENotC will act as forum for coordination of European space environment and effects related R and D • In parallel, ESA’s normal R and D programmes will continue to fund space environment related applications activities.

10. Questions ? http://www.esa-spaceweather.net