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Laboratory Equipment. Lab Procedures January 12, 2010. Centrifuge. Used to separate substances of different densities that are in a solution. Supernatant : the liquid component of a sample. Sediment : the solid component of a sample
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Laboratory Equipment Lab Procedures January 12, 2010
Centrifuge • Used to separate substances of different densities that are in a solution. • Supernatant: the liquid component of a sample. • Sediment: the solid component of a sample • Different types of centrifuges are used in veterinary medicine.
Blood Collection Tubes • Different types of tubes are used depending on what type of sample is desired. • Whole Blood- Purple (lavendar) top tube or green top tubes
Blood Collection Tubes Continued • When looking at serum or other factors, use different type of tubes. • Oxalate Tubes:
Blood Tubes Continued • Citrate Tubes:
Blood Collection Equipment • Use the largest gauge of needle that is comfortable for animal. • As gauge size increases, needle diameter decreases.
Blood Collection Equipment Continued • Syringes should be picked based on one closest to desired volume of blood. • A larger syringe may collapse the vessel.
Blood Collection Continued • Vacutainer allows blood to be collected directly into a blood collection tube.
Refractometer • Total solids meter. • Used to measure the refractive index of a solution. • Refraction is the bending of the light rays as the pass from one medium into another. • Refractometer in vet med is used to measure specific gravity of urine and plasma protein levels. • Know how to calibrate refractometer
Blood Chemistry Analyzers/ CBC machines • Generates data on organ function and complete blood counts. • Machines count cells based on size of cells in a predetermined sample.
Incubators/ Agar plates • Used in microbiological tests. • Sustains temperature settings (37 ˚ C) • Agar plates are inoculated with potential bacteria. • Plates are smeared with inoculation loops.
Pipettes • Gives the ability to transfer liquids from one place to another. • May be plastic or glass
Slides • Thin sheet of glass used to hold objects for examination under a microscope. • Usually place “specimen” in center of slide to view.
Cover Slips • Smaller, sheet of glass that may cover specimen. • Purposes are: • To protect microscope’s objective lens from contacting the specimen • Creates an even thickness for viewing.
Washing glassware • Wash with soap, detergent, or cleaning powder. • Wash with hot water. • Wash as quickly as possible after use. ZIf a thorough cleaning is not possible immediately, put glassware to soak in water. • All parts of glassware should be thoroughly scrubbed with a brush. • Use brushes that will not scratch or abrade the glass surface.
Drying and Storing Glassware • If glassware is to be dried, allow it to drain or use paper towels. • Never tap glassware against the side of the sink! • Dry labware by: • Hanging on wooden pegs or placing them in baskets with mouths downward allowing them to dry in the air • Protect glassware from dust by plugging mouth and storing in a dust free cabinet.
Technician Role • Technician should have a thorough knowledge of all in-house laboratory equipment. • Know how to operate • Know requirements, calibration measures, etc.
Sharps Container • Always use an approved Sharps container to dispose of contaminated sharps. • When 2/3 full dispose in compliance with Hazardous Waste Management Plan.
Rules of Lab • 1. NO FOOD OR DRINKS!!! • 2. Listen to instructions. • 3. Dispose of or clean all used instruments and slides accordingly. • 4. Make sure that workstations are neat and clean. • 5. Make sure to wear appropriate attire and PPE when told.
