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The Origin Of The Universe

The Origin Of The Universe. How Did It All Begin?. Sir James Hopwood Jeans (1877-1946). Jeans: Steady State Theory.

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The Origin Of The Universe

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  1. The Origin Of The Universe How Did It All Begin?

  2. Sir James Hopwood Jeans (1877-1946)

  3. Jeans: Steady State Theory • The universe has no beginning and no end—it was believed at this time that the universe was eternal. Many famous scientists of that day held strongly to this theory: Albert Einstein and Sir Fred Hoyle (who revised the theory in 1948).

  4. Famous Followers of Steady State Theory: Sir Fred Hoyle

  5. Famous Followers of Steady State Theory: Dr. Albert Einstein

  6. New Data Not Looking Good for Steady State Theory! In 1916 Einstein’s theory of relativity indicated that the universe had a beginning!

  7. Einstein was a Pantheist • Pantheism is the belief that the universe (or nature as the totality of everything) is identical with divinity, or that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent god. Pantheists thus do not believe in a distinct personal or anthropomorphic god. In other words the universe is god. This explains why he was uncomfortable with his own theory being true.

  8. Relativity Revealed that matter, time, and energy had a beginning. Einstein called his discovery “irritating.” He wanted the universe to be self-existent—not reliant on an outside cause. Einstein introduced a “fudge factor” into his own equation!

  9. 1919 Sir Arthur Eddington

  10. Eddington’s Experiment: Confirmed Einstein’s General Relativity=The Universe Had a Beginning!

  11. Eddington Does NOT like the implications: “Philosophically, the notion of a beginning of the present order of nature is repugnant to me…I should like to find a genuine loophole.”

  12. Additional Discoveries 1922: Russian mathematician Alexander Friedmann exposed Einstein’s fudge factor as an algebraic error—Einstein in order to avoid a beginning divided by zero! Einstein later described this error as “the greatest blunder of my life.”

  13. Additional Discoveries Dutch astronomer Willem de Sitter found that Einstein’s general relativity required an expanding universe. This expanding universe was verified in 1927 by Edwin Hubble (namesake of space telescope).

  14. Edwin Hubble

  15. Hubble’s Red Shift Also Confirms Relativity The red shift in the light from every observable galaxy means those galaxies are moving away from us. The universe appears to be expanding from a single point in the past. Einstein’s theory of relativity is strong evidence that the universe had a beginning and is NOT eternal.

  16. Red Shift

  17. The Universe Had a Beginning: Second Law of Thermodynamics • Over time things tend toward entropy or randomness. • Over time the universe will run out of useful energy. This is called the heat death of the universe. • So, if the universe is winding down, there must have been a time when it was wound up.

  18. 1948 It is predicted that if there was a beginning to the universe, there should be “background radiation” left over from the initial event.

  19. 1940’s Sir Fred Hoyle in disgust coins the term “Big Bang.” Hoyle found the idea of a universe with a beginning unacceptable. Hoyle went to his death refusing to accept it despite the overwhelming evidence for it.

  20. 1965 Penzias and Wilson Discover Background Radiation as Predicted in 1948

  21. In Logical Form • Everything that had a beginning had a cause • The universe had a beginning • Therefore the universe had a cause

  22. The Law of Causality • THE fundamental principle of science! Without it, science is impossible. Sir Francis Bacon (father of modern science): “True knowledge is knowledge of causes.”

  23. In Logical Form • Everything that had a beginning had a cause • The universe had a beginning • Therefore the universe had a cause

  24. Despite Overwhelming Evidence Many in the scientific community continue to try to find ways to explain the universe appearing without a cause. This flies in the face of empirical data, common sense, and true science.

  25. Consider If scientists like Hoyle and Einstein could believe that matter and energy could be eternal, why could they not believe that an intellect could also be eternal?

  26. 2 options Either NOTHING created something from nothing, or SOMETHING created something from nothing. Which makes more sense?

  27. 2 options Either matter created mind or mind created matter.

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