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Particle and Nuclear Physics at J-PARC July 16, 2003 Lattice 2003 Jun Imazato KEK, IPNS

Particle and Nuclear Physics at J-PARC July 16, 2003 Lattice 2003 Jun Imazato KEK, IPNS. Outline. Overview of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) Strong interaction physics program Nuclear physics Hadron physics Other particle physics program

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Particle and Nuclear Physics at J-PARC July 16, 2003 Lattice 2003 Jun Imazato KEK, IPNS

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  1. Particle and Nuclear Physicsat J-PARCJuly 16, 2003Lattice 2003Jun ImazatoKEK, IPNS

  2. Outline • Overview of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) • Strong interaction physics program • Nuclear physics • Hadron physics • Other particle physics program • Kaon and muon decay physics • Neutrino oscillation • Construction status etc. • Summary

  3. Project overview • J-PARC is a high-intensity proton accelerator complex in Japan now under construction consisting of: • 600 MeV linac • 3 GeV rapid cycling synchrotron • 50 GeV main synchrotron • Experimental facilities • Joint project of High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) • Construction started in 2001 at JAERI Tokai site and completion will be in 2007. • A variety of sciences ranging from particle physics to materials and life sciences will be researched.

  4. Configuration of the accelerators • Neutron • Muon

  5. Proton accelerators in the world

  6. Bird’s-eye view of J-PARC • Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) Tokai Site Particle Nuclear Physics 3 GeV Synchrotron Life & Material Science Neutrino Nuclear Transmutation 50 GeV Synchrotron Linac

  7. Physics at 50-GeV PS • Nuclear (strong interaction) physics & Particlephysics with K, π, m, n, pbar, and other secondary beams • Hypernuclear spectroscopy • Hyperon-nucleon scattering • Mesons in nuclear matter • Hadron spectroscopy • Neutrino oscillation experiment using Super-Kamiokande • Kaon rare decays to measure CKM matrix elements • CP violation and other symmetry breaking • Low energy QCD in meson decays • Flavor mixing and other topics beyond the Standard Model • Nuclear physics with primary beams • Physics with proton beams (polarized beams in the future) • High-density matter with heavy-ion beams in the future

  8. Experimental hall plan

  9. Strong interaction physics Strangeness nuclear physics Hadron physics

  10. Strangeness nuclear physics • Nuclear physics from nuclear surface to nuclear matter: • Does a nucleon keep its identity in deep nuclear matter? • Hyperon imbedded into deep nuclear matter (Hypernucleus) : • Bound in deep states without Pauli blocking • Spectroscopy → mass, potential, YN interaction etc. • Decay study → decay width, moment etc. • Hypernuclei produced in secondary beam reactions: (K,p), (p,K), (K-,K+) etc. • Only poor data until now due to limited beam intensity Qualitative data improvements expected at J-PARC

  11. Hypernuclear spectroscopy • S=-1 • So far Land S hypernuclear spectroscopy • using (K,p) and (p,K) reactions and g • Potential (L, S) and shell structure (L), • LN spin-spin interaction, from splitting, etc. • Weak force from decays • J-PARC • High resolution spectroscopy of L nuclei • ->core excitation, width • High-resolution g spectroscopy in L nuclei • -> YN interaction etc. B(E2), B(M1) • Deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states • ->cold &dense nuclear matter • S=-2 : Spectroscopic study of the S=-2 system using (K-, K+) • reactions will be a new field, which is impossible now with the • current beam intensities. expectation of g transitions

  12. Spectroscopy of S=-2 systems •  hypernuclei and double hypernuclei •  double hypernuclear spectroscopy : • only several events reported until now. • hypernuclear spectroscopy : • discovery of a hypernucleus expected. • mixed states of ,  and H states ? K. Ikeda et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. 91 (1994) 747 • (K-, K+) reaction at 1.8 GeV/c needs high beam intensity • Small cross section • e.g. 208Pb(K-,K+) with 2g/cm2 thick target ~6 events/MeV/day • S=-3 - nuclei, charmed-hypernuclei etc.

  13. (K-,K+) spectroscopy of X-hypernuclei expectation K+ K- 1.8 GeV/c ∆E~ 2 MeV (FWHM) BL= 6 Tm MHY - MA

  14. Hyperon-nucleon scattering • Understanding of the flavor SU(3) baryon-baryon interaction. • YN, YY < NN ? • Repulsive or attractive ? • Repulsive cores in YN/YY ?What is the origin ? • Spin-dependent forces in YN/YY. • Dibaryons ? • Recent data from KEK 12-GeV PS (E251, E289, E452) • Goto et al., NP A648(1999)263 • Kondo et al., NP A676(2000)371 • still poor data • =====>

  15. Proton beam physics Proposals to study: • Meson mass in nuclear matter (next slide) • Partial restoration of chiral symmetry breaking • Dimuon production from Drell-Yan process and J/ _ _ • d/u asymmetry (DY) • Antiquak distibution, etc. (DY) • Quark energy loss in nuclei (DY) • Quarkonium production (J/Y) • Analyzing power Anat large p⊥2 using polarized beam • Comparison with PQCD and other models • Intermediate-mass nuclear fragmentation • Nuclear liquid-gas phase transition

  16. Hadrons in nuclear matter • Methods to study the origin of hadron mass: • Lattice QCD (theory) • Implantation of a hadron in nuclear matter (J-PARC) • Change of meson mass in nuclear matter due to “partial restoration of chiral symmetry”. • Vector meson decay • ,w →l+l- KEK E325 ; K. Ozawa, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5019 (2001). • T.Hatsuda and S.H.Lee, Phys.Rev. C46, R34 (1992) • Muroya et al. , hep-lat/0208006

  17. Hadron spectroscopy Proposals to look for: • Gluonic degrees of freedom and exotic states • Search for glueballs: gg, ggg • scalar glueball (0++): 1.5~1.8 GeV/c2 • tensor glueball (2++): > 2.0 GeV/c2 • Search for hybrids and exotics • _ _ • ssg , ccg _ _ _ • qqqq, qqqqq, qqqqqq _ • Studies of charmonium (cc) and charmed baryons • Missing baryon states in SU(3) • Data with high statistics at J-PARC are essential. • 10 GeV K- beam with > 106/sec • 20 GeV π± beam, ● 30-50 GeV p beam • antiproton beam

  18. Kaon and muon decay physics

  19. Kaon decay physics at J-PARC • High precision frontier using high-intensity beams • Test of the Standard Model and search for new physics • Complementary to B physics and to the energy frontier CKM matrix determination and test of unitary triangle (r,) • Unitarity relation VudVub* + VcdVcb* + VtdVtb* =0 • Usefullness of FCNC decays • _ • K0L→p0nn •  • K+ →pnn VudVub* VtdVtb* (0,0) (1,0) VcdVcb*

  20. CP violation _ K0L→p0nn re dca 1000 events ∝h2 A4 X 2(xt) Standard Model _ K+→p+nn re dca 100 ∝[(r0-r)2+h2] A4 X2(xt) T violation (muon polarization) K+→ p0m+ n ; dPT ≦10-4 K+→ m+ ng; dPT ~ 10-4 K decay form factors Proposed K decay experiments

  21. Search for new physics beyond the SM Multi-Higgs doublet model Leptoquark model R -parity violating SUSY etc. PTin K+→ m+ngalso measured. T violation in K+→p0m+n decay • Muon transverse polarization PT BNL-E923? • dPT ~ 10-4 at J-PARC

  22. BR and  • So many channels of leptonic, semileptonic, hadronic and radiative decays • Decay modes with small branching ratio will become possible to explore with high intensity beams at J-PARC. • e.g. : Kl 4 、Kl 3 g、Kpgg • Good field to test effective theories of low energy QCD • Analysis with Chiral Perturbation Theory • e.g. of recent KEK data: Kp2g direct emission with chiral anomaly (KEK E470) • p scattering length using final state interactions with more than two pions : Kp3 , Ke4 , .. • Test of fundamental couplings in the weak decay • Tensor and scalar contribution? ( Recent KEK data on Ke3) • CKM matrix unitarity? (Proposal to determine Vus from Ke3 ) G(Ke3) ~ |f+(0) Vus|2 : accuracy of f+(0) calculation needed.

  23. Example: some issues in K→pln • M ∝ [ f+(q2) (pK + pp’)+ f-(q2) (pK - pp’)] • f+(q2) = f+(0) [1 +l+q2/mp2] , x(q2) = f-(q2)/f+(q2) • f0(q2) = f+(q2) +[q2/(mK2-mp2) ] f-( q2), f0(q2) = f+(0) [1 +l0q2/mp2] • f+(0) : lattice calculation(f+(0)=1 in SU(3) symmetry) • l+ : experimentl+ = 0.0282±0.0027 (PDG) • l0 : ChPT l0 = 0.0168 ±0.0012 (l0=l+ in SU(3) ) • Three experimental methods to measurex(0) (orl0) 1) G(Km3)/G(Ke3) (l0=0.019±0.005(stat)±0.004 from recent KEK data) 2) Dalitz spectrum 3) m polarization • Large scattering of x(0) (or l0) values among experimental data and experimental methods? • Settling at J-PARC is desirable.

  24. High intensity muon source PRISM collaboration Lepton flavor violation m→e conversion 10-18 at J-PARC sensitive to SUSY-GUT etc. m→eg m→3e _ Mu-Mu conversion - m+ conversion Precise measurements g-2, EDM Michel parameters Muon physics

  25. Neutrino Oscillation

  26. J-PARC-Kamioka neutrino experiment nm beam of ~1GeV Kamioka Super-K: 50 kton Water Cherenkov JAERI (Tokai-mura) 0.75 MW 50 GeV PS ~Mt “Hyper Kamiokande” 4MW 50GeV PS 1st Phase (x102 of K2K) 2nd Phase • nm→ nx disappearance • nm→ neappearance • NC measurement • CPV • proton decay

  27. inmdisappearance • Allowed region from SK and K2K JHFn d(sin22q23) K2K OAB-3o OAB-2o SK d(Dm232 ) • Sensitivity at J-PARC •  • d(sin22q) ~ 0.01 • d(Dm2) < 1×10-4 ; in 5 years • ~ • (130 days/year) Dm232 (eV2)

  28. Excluded by reactor exp’s x20 improvement Sensitivity of nmne appearance • Discovery of nmne • with a sensitivity • at Dm2 ~3x10-3 eV2 • down to • sin22q~0.006 • (90% C.L.) • Twenty times • improvement over • the past experiments

  29. Construction status etc.

  30. Construction of Phase 1

  31. Preparation of experiments • Call for Letter of Intent for experiments : July 2002 • Submission of LoI : Dec.2002 • Strangeness nuclear physics : 6 • Hadron physics : 7 • Kaon decay : 5 • Neutrino oscillation : 1 • Muon decay : 3 • Facility : 9 • Screening of LoI by pre-PAC : June 2003 Selection of a few candidates of Day1experiments • Full experimental proposals and layout of beamlines : in 2004

  32. Other facilities at J-PARC • Materials and Life Science Facility Use of 3 GeV RCS pulsed beam • Neutron facility • Scattering • Diffraction • Radiography • …… • Muon facility • mSR Condensed matter, soft matter, Structual biology, Industrial application, … • Nuclear Waste Transmutation (ADS) Technical development using the linac beam Pulse n Peak intensity J-PARC1MW= ~200× ILL2nd

  33. Protein タ ン パ ク 質 D N A A p r o t e in m o l e c u l e m o v i n g a l o n g t h e D N A c h a i n Neutron diffraction from protein Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Water molecules observed with neutrons • Hydrogen (H) • Oxygen (O) X-rays Neutrons From structure to function

  34. Summary • J-PARC is now under construction aiming for the completion of Phase 1 in 2007. • It will deliver many kinds of hadron beams with the world highest intensity. • Not only neutrino oscillation and rare decay physics, but also a variety of strong interaction physics (QCD and nuclear) will be main projects at the 50 GeV proton synchrotron. • J-PARC aims for an international research center in many science fields.

  35. End of Slides

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