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Geographical location: Central Europe

The Slovak Republic Summer School in Bratislava Associate Prof. JUDr. Vlasta Kunová, PhD Jean Monet Chair. Geographical location: Central Europe.

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Geographical location: Central Europe

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  1. The Slovak RepublicSummer School in BratislavaAssociate Prof.JUDr. Vlasta Kunová, PhDJean Monet Chair

  2. Geographical location: Central Europe

  3. BRATISLAVA – the capital cityBratislava’s location on the banks of the River Danube and at the crossroads of ancient trading routes right at the heart of Europe predestined it to become a meeting point of various cultures • half a million inhabitants and a leading centre of the economy • nowadays, Bratislava is one of the most rapidly growing urban regions of Europe

  4. COMENIUS UNIVERSITYŠafárikovo sq.6, 815 05 Bratislava • founded onJune 27th, 1919 and follows the university tradition of the Academia Istropolitana which was established in Bratislava by Matthias Corvinus, the Hungarian King, in 1465 • the largest and the oldest university in the Slovak republic with full acreditation • consists of 13 faculties, including Faculty of Law

  5. Institute of International Relationsand Approximation of LawJean Monnet ChairŠafárikovo sq.6, 815 05 Bratislava • established in 1992 for training and education of diplomatic service employees, for education in international relations and European Union issues • provides three-semester postgraduate study, not depending on the previous specialization

  6. STUDY INFORMATION • the study is realised according to the Act No. 131/2002 Coll. on Universities and Act No. 3861996 Coll. on Continuing Education and Study Regulation of Institute of International Relations and Approximation of Law, Faculty of Law, CU Bratislava • beginning of the study is identical with the academic year

  7. STUDY INFORMATION • according to the current schedule forspecific semester, the study is focused on: - International Relations - Diplomatic and Consular Agenda - History - Legal Disciplines - Geopolitics - Two foreign languages • courses in English and French Language are included

  8. Additional students´ activities • Conferences • Non-formal meetings with diplomats and interested personalities of public life • Traineeship at Ministry of Foreign Affairs SR and other institutions of civil service • Possibility to publish • Foreign Traineeships

  9. Graduate career realization • Civil Service Institutions • Diplomatic Service • Bank Sector • International Trade • EU Institutions

  10. General information on the Slovak Republic • Area: 49 035 km2 • Population: 5 447 502 • Currency: Slovak crown (SKK) • Official language: Slovak • Capital: Bratislava

  11. General information on the Slovak Republic • Date of state establishment: 1.1.1993 • Parliamentary republic with president and prime minister on the top • Power allocation: executive, legislative and judiciary

  12. MACROECONOMICOVERVIEW • GDP for 2007: SKK 1.851,8 billion – 10,4% higher than in year 2006 • Unemployment rate in 2008 according to Eurostat: 9,9% • 19% flat tax, including 19% VAT; no tax on dividends

  13. MACROECONOMICOVERVIEW • International Membership: • OSN • OECD • WTO • Visegrad Group • NATO • EU

  14. MACROECONOMICOVERVIEW • Slovakia is generally recognized as an open market economy whose ability and willingnessto pay its liabilities puts it, pursuant to prestigious rating agencies, into the investment level • one of the most progressive economics within European Union

  15. MACROECONOMICSOVERVIEW • Cheap and skilled laborforce • liberal laborcode • stable economic indicators • new regulations for the product, capital and labor markets • structural reforms

  16. LEGAL SYSTEM • The private and commercial law is based on the continental law system – binding are the legal provisions, not the case law • Decentralized public administration • The principal act governing the state system is the Constitution of the Slovak republic under the supervision of the Constitutional Court

  17. LEGAL SYSTEM • Two-level court system: - District courts are competent for proceedings at the first instance - Regional courts hear cases as appeal courts  - The Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic has the function of an appellate review court. Being the supreme judicial body the Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic never acts as a first instance court

  18. COURT SYSTEM Constitutional Court SupremeCourt 8 Regional Courts Special Court 54 District Courts

  19. Slovak republic and the European Union • Accession: 1 of May 2004 • Number of representatives in European Parliament: 14 • Voices in the European Commision: 7 • Representative in EC: Ján Figeľ -commisary for education and culture • Planed Euro adoption: 1.1.2009

  20. Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) • the process of harmonising the economic and monetary policies of the Member States of the Union with a view to the introduction of a single currency, the euro

  21. Euro area Member StatesNon-euro area Member States

  22. Three stages of EMU EMU was achieved in three stages: • First stage (1 July 1990 to 31 December 1993): - free movement of capital between Member States, closer coordination of economic policies and closer cooperation between central banks

  23. Three stages of EMU 2. Second stage (1 January 1994 to 31 December 1998): - convergence of the economic and monetary policies of the Member States (to ensure stability of prices and sound public finances) and the establishment of the European Monetary Institute (EMI) and, in 1998, of the European Central Bank (ECB)

  24. Three stages of EMU 3. Third stage (from 1 January 1999): - irrevocable fixing of exchange rates and introduction of the single currency on the foreign-exchange markets and for electronic payments; introduction of euro notes and coins

  25. Economic and Monetary Union • three Member States did not adopt the single currency: the United Kingdom and Denmark, both of which have an opt-out clause, and Sweden, following a referendum in September 2003

  26. Economic and Monetary Union • the States which joined the Union on 1 May 2004 and 1 January 2007 are required to adopt the euro as soon as they meet all the convergence criteria. They were not granted opt-out clauses during the accession negotiations

  27. The Convergence Criteria • price stability: the rate of inflation may not exceed the average rates of inflation of the three member states with the lowest inflation by more than 1.5 %; • inflation: long-term interest rates may not vary by more than 2 % in relation to the average interest rates of the three member states with the lowest inflation;

  28. The Convergence Criteria • deficits: national budget deficits must be below 3 % of GDP; • public debt: this may not exceed 60 % of GDP; • exchange rate stability: exchange rates must have remained within the authorised margin of fluctuation for the previous two years

  29. Process of accession • to join the European Union, a state needs to fulfill the economic and political conditions generally known as the Copenhagen criteria: • the candidate country has to achieved stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights and respect for and, protection of minorities, the existence of a functioning market economy as well as the capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union

  30. Process of accession • membership presupposes the candidate's ability to take on the obligations of membership including adherence to the aims of political, economic and monetary union • political, economic and legal reforms within the terms of EU model are reaquired • According to the EU Treaty, each current member state and also the European Parliament have to agree to any enlargement

  31. ASSOCIATION TREATY • 4.10.1991 SR signed the ‘Association Treaty’, wich came into effect 1.2.1995 • it set out the legal frame for aproximation of Slovak law with the law of European Commuities

  32. ASSOCIATION TREATY • Article 69: „The contracting party recognize that the major precondition for the Slovak Republic’s integration into the Community is the approximation of the Slovak Republic’s existing and future legislation to that of the Community.The Slovak Republic shall endeavor to ensure that its legislation will be gradually made compatible with that of the Community.”

  33. ASSOCIATION TREATY • the Constitution was amended in the year 2001 and it included the so called “integration clauses”: • Article 7(2) reads: “The Slovak republic may, by an international treaty ratified and promulgated as stipulated by law, or on the basis of such treaty, transfer the execution of a part of its rights to the European Communities and European Union.

  34. ASSOCIATION TREATY Legally binding acts of the European Communities and European Union shall take precedence over the laws of the Slovak Republic. Undertaking of legally binding acts that require implementation shall be carried out by law or a statutory order pursuant to Article 120 Section 2.”

  35. Association Proceedings • December 1999 – European Counsel decided at the Helsing summit to invite Slovak Repbublic on negotiations for joining EU • March 2000 – official negotiations in Brussels took part; Slovak Republic negotiated in 31 negotiating sections

  36. ACCESSION TREATY 2003 • The Treaty of Accession 2003 was the agreement between the EU and 10 countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia), concerning these countries' accession into the EU. At the same time it changed a number of points which were originally laid down in the Treaty of Nice • The treaty was signed on April 16, 2003 in Athens, Greece and it entered into force on May 1, 2004 the day of the enlargement of the European Union

  37. ACCESSION TREATY 2003 • The Treaty of Accession 2003 modifies: • the Treaty of Rome (Treaty establishing the European Community) • the Euratom Treaty and • the Maastricht (Treaty forming the European) • as well as other acts which together form the current legal framework (acquis) of the EU

  38. ACCESSION TREATY 2003 • changes include the way that the Qualified Majority Voting is handled in the Council of the European Union

  39. COMENIUS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF LAW Institute for International Relations and Law Aproximation Bratislava

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