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WSDL Tutorial

WSDL Tutorial. Heather Kreger (borrowed from Peter Brittenham) Web Services Architect IBM Emerging Technologies. WSDL: Web Service Description Language . Standard for describing Web services Abstract interface for defining operations and their messages

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WSDL Tutorial

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  1. WSDL Tutorial Heather Kreger (borrowed from Peter Brittenham) Web Services Architect IBM Emerging Technologies

  2. WSDL: Web Service Description Language • Standard for describing Web services • Abstract interface for defining operations and their messages • Messages contain either document-oriented or procedure-oriented information • Bindings to message formats and protocols • Defines how to locate the endpoint for the service • Example: URLs for HTTP • Extensible (SOAP and HTTP extensions are defined) • Written in XML, leverages XML schema • WSDL V1.1 Specification • http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl

  3. Usage Scenarios • As IDL (Interface Definition Language) • Allows tools to generate client access code for a service • Examples: IBM WebSphere Studio Application Developer, IBM Web Services Toolkit • Standardized service interface descriptions • Allows advertisement and dynamic discovery of services • Enables dynamic binding to service • Complements UDDI registry

  4. Document Content • Abstract Definitions • <types> data type definitions • <message> operation parameters • <portType> operation definitions • Concrete Definitions • <binding> operation bindings • <service> location/address for each binding • Also: • <import> used to reference other XML documents

  5. WSDL Extensibility Elements • Extensibility elements can be specified within these WSDL elements: • <types> • <port> • <binding> • <binding>/<operation> • <binding>/<operation>/<input> • <binding>/<operation>/<output> • <binding>/<operation>/<fault> • Binding extensibility defined in the specification for: • SOAP • HTTP • MIME

  6. Document Structure <binding> [SOAP] <portType> <operation> <operation> <operation> <message> [Request] <types> [data] <service> <port> <port> <port> <message> [Response] <binding> [EJB] <binding> […] Java class method method method SOAP Request/ response Supported Protocol(s) Service(s)

  7. SOAP Binding - RPC Style • Indicates that the Web service is accessed using SOAP V1.1 protocol • Use style="rpc" attribute on SOAP binding element • Example SOAP service method signature: • public float getQuote (String symbol)

  8. Example: Stock Quote Service [1] <definitions name="StockQuoteService" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/StockQuoteService“ xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/StockQuoteService" …> <message name="SymbolRequest"> <partname="symbol" type="xsd:string" /> </message> <message name="QuoteResponse"> <partname="quote" type="xsd:float" /> </message> <portType name="StockQuoteService"> <operation name="getQuote"> <inputmessage="tns:SymbolRequest" /> <outputmessage="tns:QuoteResponse" /> </operation> </portType> ... public float getQuote (String symbol) public float getQuote (String symbol) public float getQuote (String symbol)

  9. Example: Stock Quote Service [2] ... <binding name="SoapBinding" type="tns:StockQuoteService"> <soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> <operation name="getQuote"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/GetQuote" /> <input> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://tempuri.org/live-stock-quotes" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="…" encodingStyle="…"/> </output> </operation> </binding> ...

  10. Example: Stock Quote Service [3] … <service name="StockQuoteService"> <documentation>Stock Quote Service</documentation>- <port name="Demo“ binding=“tns:SoapBinding"> <soap:address location="http://tempuri.org/services/StockQuoteService" /> </port> </service> </definitions>

  11. Message • Defines the messages that are referenced in the input, output, and fault elements within an operation • A message may have one or more parts • Each part contains a reference to a data type • element Reference to XML Schema element using a QName • type Reference to XML Schema simpleType or complexType <definitions .... > <message name="ncname"> * <part name="nmtoken" element="qname"? type="qname"?/> * </message> </definitions>

  12. PortType • Contains one or more abstract operations • Each operation references one or more messages • Four operation types: • One-way Send message to service and there is no response • Request-response Send message to service which returns a correlated message • Solicit-response Service sends a message and requestor returns a correlated message • Notification Service sends a message to the requestor

  13. PortType • One-way Operation • Request-response Operation <portType name="ncname"> * <operation name="nmtoken"> * <input name="nmtoken"? message="qname"/> </operation> </portType > <portType name="ncname"> * <operation name="nmtoken" parameterOrder="nmtokens"> * <input name="nmtoken"? message="qname"/> <output name="nmtoken"? message="qname"/> <fault name="nmtoken" message="qname"/>* </operation> </portType >

  14. Binding • Each binding has an unique name • Referenced by a port element • Contains areference to one portType • Binding interpretedbased onext. elements <binding name="ncname" type="qname"> * <-- extensibility element (1) --> * <operation name="nmtoken"> * <-- extensibility element (2) --> * <input name="nmtoken"? > ? <-- extensibility element (3) --> </input> <output name="nmtoken"? > ? <-- extensibility element (4) --> * </output> <fault name="nmtoken"> * <-- extensibility element (5) --> * </fault> </operation> </binding>

  15. Service • A WSDL document may contain one or more service elements • Each service element may contain one or more ports • A port is named, references one binding, and contains the endpoint for the Web service • Port names must be unique within a service element • Endpoint is specified using an extensibility element <definitions .... > <service name="ncname"> * <port name="nmtoken" binding="qname"> * <-- extensibility element (1) --> </port> </service> </definitions>

  16. Complex Type Definitions • Complex data types • Defined within the <types> element or by referencing an external XML schema document • AddressBook Example: • public void addEntry(String name, Address address) <schema ...> <complexType name="AddressType"> <sequence> <element name="streetName" type="string" minOccurs="1"/> <element name="city" type="string" minOccurs="1"/> <element name="state" type="string" minOccurs="1"/> <element name="zip" type="string" minOccurs="1"/> <element name="phoneNumber" type="AddressBook:phoneNumberType"/> </sequence> </complexType> ... </schema>

  17. AddressBook Service <definitions ...> <import location="http://localhost:8080/schema/AddressBook.xsd" namespace="http://tempuri.org/AddressBook”/> <message name="AddEntryRequest"> <part name="name" type="xsd:string"/> <part name="address" type="types:AddressType"/> </message> <portType name="AddressBookService"> <operation name="addEntry"> <input message="tns:AddEntryRequest"/> </operation> </portType <binding name="AddressBookBinding" type="tns:AddressBookService"> <soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://.../soap/http"/> <operation name="addEntry"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/addressbook"/> <input> <soap:body encodingStyle="..." namespace="..." use="..."/> </input> ...

  18. SOAP Binding - Document Style • Similar to SOAP Binding with RPC Style • SOAP binding contains style=“document” attribute • This style can also be set on a SOAP body element which is specified with each operation element • Used with Web services that specify XML documents for message content • Example: UDDI Registry <?xml version="1.0"?> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope …> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <find_business generic="2.0" xmlns="urn:uddi-org:api_v2"> <name>Business Name</name> </find_business> </ SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

  19. WSDL for UDDI Registry [1] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <definitions targetNamespace="urn:uddi-org:inquiry" xmlns:uddi="urn:uddi-org:api_v2" xmlns:tns="urn:uddi-org:inquiry_v2" ...> <import namespace="urn:uddi-org:api" location="http://www.uddi.org/schema/uddi_v2.xsd" /> <message name="find_business"> <part name="body" element="uddi:find_business" /> </message> ... <portType name="InquireSoap"> <operation name="find_business"> <input message="tns:find_business" /> <output message="tns:businessList" /> <fault name="error" message="tns:dispositionReport" /> </operation> ...

  20. WSDL for UDDI Registry [2] <binding name="InquireSoap" type="tns:InquireSoap"> <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> <operation name="find_business"> <soap:operation soapAction="" style="document" /> <input message="tns:find_business"> <soap:body use="literal" parts="body" namespace="urn:uddi-org:api_v2" /> </input> <output message="tns:businessDetail"> <soap:body use="literal" parts="body" namespace="urn:uddi-org:api_v2" /> </output> <fault name="error" message="tns:dispositionReport"> <soap:fault name="error" use="literal" /> </fault> </operation> ...

  21. MIME Binding • Examples of supported MIME types: • multipart/related • text/xml • application/x-www-form-urlencoded • Input or output message can be defined using MIME binding • MIME binding can be combined with SOAP binding to define a service that uses SOAP attachments • Use multipart/related binding • SOAP envelope must be in the root part • Define other parts using MIME binding

  22. Attachment Service Interface [1] <definitions name="AttachmentService-interface" ...> <types> <schema ...> <complexType name="ArrayOfString"> <complexContent> <restriction base="soapenc:Array"> <attribute ref="soapenc:arrayType“ arrayType="xsd:string[]"/> </restriction> </complexContent> </complexType> <complexTypename="ArrayOfBinary"> <complexContent> <restriction base="soapenc:Array"> <attribute ref="soapenc:arrayType" arrayType="xsd:binary[]"/> </restriction> </complexContent> </complexType> </schema> </types> ...

  23. Attachment Service Interface [2] <message name="AttachmentRequest"> <part name="fileList" type="types:ArrayOfString"/> <part name="classFile" type="types:ArrayOfBinary"/> <part name="imageFile" type=”types:ArrayOfBinary"/> </message> <message name= ="AttachmentResponse"> <part name="list" type="xsd:string"/> </message> <portType name="AttachmentService"> <operation name="listAttachments"> <input message="tns:AttachmentRequest"/> <output message="tns:AttachmentResponse"/> </operation> </portType> <binding name="AttachmentBinding" type="tns:AttachmentService"> <soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://.../soap/http"/> <operation name="listAttachments"> <soap:operation soapAction=""/> ...

  24. Attachment Service Interface [3] <input> <mime:multipartRelated> <mime:part> <soap:body parts="fileList" use="encoded" namespace="http://tempuri.org/attachment-service" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> </mime:part> <mime:part> <mime:content part="classFile" type="application/octet-stream"/> </mime:part> <mime:part> <mime:content part="imageFile" type="image/jpeg"/> </mime:part> </mime:multipartRelated> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded“ namespace=“http://tempuri.org/attachment-service" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> </output>

  25. WSDL4J • WSDL Java API • WSDL object model • Parse contents of a WSDL document • Programmatically create new WSDL documents • Open source project on IBM developerWorks site • http://oss.software.ibm.com/developerworks/projects/wsdl4j/ • Will be a reference implementation for JSR 110 • Primarily a set of Java interfaces that can be implemented by anyone • Java package name: javax.wsdl

  26. WSDL4J Example - Find Port // Get WSDLReader WSDLReader wsdlReader = WSDLFactory.newInstance().newWSDLReader(); // Read WSDL service implementation document Definition wsdlDefinition = wsdlReader.readWSDL(null, wsdlURL); // Get the service elements Map services = definition.getServices(); // Get an iterator for the list of services Iterator serviceIterator = services.values().iterator(); boolean bPortFound = false; while ((serviceIterator.hasNext()) && !(bPortFound)) { // Get next service element Service service = (Service) serviceIterator.next(); // Determine if this service element contains the specified port if ((port = service.getPort(portName)) != null) bPortFound = true; }

  27. WSDL Resources • WSDL V1.1 Specification • http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl • W3C Web Services Description Working Group • http://www.w3c.org/2002/ws/desc/ • WSDL4J Open Source Project • http://oss.software.ibm.com/developerworks/projects/wsdl4j/ • Yahoo Group: wsdl • http://groups.yahoo.com/group/wsdl

  28. An Overview of Web Services – Part 2 • Questions?

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