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Development of IF Amplifiers for ALMA

Development of IF Amplifiers for ALMA. Isaac López-Fernández (Engineer OAN) Carmen Diez (PM Herschel TTI) Rafael Garcia (Technician OAN) Juan Daniel Gallego (Engineer OAN) Alberto Barcia (Engineer OAN). OUTLINE. Presentation of O bservatorio A stronómico N acional

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Development of IF Amplifiers for ALMA

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  1. Development of IF Amplifiers for ALMA Isaac López-Fernández (Engineer OAN) Carmen Diez (PM Herschel TTI) Rafael Garcia (Technician OAN) Juan Daniel Gallego (Engineer OAN) Alberto Barcia (Engineer OAN) IGN (Madrid)

  2. OUTLINE • Presentation of Observatorio Astronómico Nacional • Experience in Cryogenic Amplifiers • Particularities of Cryogenic Amplifiers • Devices • HIFI Amplifiers • Isolators • ALMA Amplifiers • Summary IGN (Madrid)

  3. ORGANIZATION IGN (Madrid)

  4. ORGANIZATION: AREAS STAFF: Technical: 10 Eng.+ 5 Tech. Scientific: 12 Astr. Admin: 7 IGN (Madrid)

  5. INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS IGN (Madrid)

  6. TECHNICAL PROJECTS (1) • 40m Antenna: • Commissioning: 2004 • Receivers • Holography • HERSCHEL: • DM: finished • QM: 2003 • FM/FS: 2003-2004 • Launch: 2007 IGN (Madrid)

  7. TECHNICAL PROJECTS (2) • IRAM: • Next Generation Plateau de Bure Receivers • ESOC: • X band Cryogenic Amplifiers for DSN receivers IGN (Madrid)

  8. Experience in Cryogenic Amplifiers (1) • More than 150 cryogenic LNAs for different applications: • IRAM: Grenoble, PdB interferometer, 30m (IF amplifiers) • HERSCHEL: • DMs for mixer groups (CALTECH, DEMIRM, IRAM, JPL, KOSMA, SRON) • DMs Delivered (QMs, FMs, FSs in ALCATEL) • CFA: Harvard, USA, SMA • ARECIBO (Puerto Rico) • BORDEAUX Observatory • EMCOR (Atmospheric sensing) • PRONAOS (mm receiver in stratospheric balloon) • ESOC: DSN X band receivers • CAY: VLBI receivers (X and K band) IGN (Madrid)

  9. Experience in Cryogenic Amplifiers (2) • Wide experience with HEMT devices • More than 30 batches of commercial GaAs transistors tested • Several models of InP transistors measured • JPL-TRW (CHOP program): 15 batches, 9 models • ETH Zurich: 8 batches, 4 models • Chalmers University: 1 batch • HRL: 1 batch, 4 models IGN (Madrid)

  10. Particularities of Cryogenic Amplifiers • Extreme range of temperatures (400 K) • Mechanical stress due to differential expansion coefficients • Substrates • Connectors • Epoxy • Some passive components do not work • Resistors • Capacitors • Some semiconductors do not work (carrier freezing) • HEMTs may need illumination • LEDs • Zenner IGN (Madrid)

  11. Stress Relief Contacts • An example: ‘O’ ribbon connection in the SMA tab contact: • Allows mobility in three axis • Excellent electrical properties compared with traditional SMA connections IGN (Madrid)

  12. Microwave Capacitors at Cryogenic Temperature IGN (Madrid)

  13. MICROTECH DC connector 1 2 3 Output matching circuit SMA connector Input matching circuit Interstage matching circuits Transistor area detail.See source inductive feedbackand drain resistive loading ETH transistorwith bonding wires Design Description (1) Bias cavity with biasing circuits IGN (Madrid)

  14. Transistors 0.19 mm 0.22 mm IGN (Madrid)

  15. HIFI YCF 6004 m=65 g 58 x 32 x 15 mm IGN (Madrid)

  16. HIFI YCF 6004 (Noise and Gain) IGN (Madrid)

  17. HIFI YCF 6000 (Noise and Gain) IGN (Madrid)

  18. HIFI YCF 6000 (I/O Reflection) IGN (Madrid)

  19. HIFI YCF 6000 (Gain Stability) IGN (Madrid)

  20. HIFI YCF 6000 (Results) IGN (Madrid)

  21. Isolators: Measurements IGN (Madrid)

  22. Isolators: Performance IGN (Madrid)

  23. Isolators measured @ 14 K (PAMTECH gives data @ 77 K) Good agreement between measurement and estimation of isolator noise Mean contribution 1.1 – 1.4 K Isolators IGN (Madrid)

  24. ALMA YCA 1000 FEATURES • Demonstration prototype • 3 stages for more gain • InP in first stage for low noise • GaAs in 2nd and 3rd stages for easy procurement • Smaller size and weight (no extra cavity) • Less limitations in power dissipation IGN (Madrid)

  25. ALMA YCA 1002 m=31 g 46 x 29 x 9.0 mm IGN (Madrid)

  26. YCA 1002 (Noise and Gain) IGN (Madrid)

  27. YCA 1001 (Gain Stability) IGN (Madrid)

  28. YCA 1001 (Gain Stability) IGN (Madrid)

  29. HIFI YCF 6004/ALMA YCA 1002 IGN (Madrid)

  30. PA/QA (Qualification) • Performance tests at 15K • 25 cryogenic cycling between RT and 15K • 5 warm cycling between RT and 80ºC • 144 hrs. extended bake-out at 80ºC • Vibration (sine/random) at 77K • 25 cryogenic cycling between RT and 15K • Performance tests at 15K IGN (Madrid)

  31. PA/QA (Acceptance) • Performance tests at 15K • 3 cryogenic cycling between RT and 15K • Vibration (sine/random) at RT • Performance tests at 15K IGN (Madrid)

  32. Industry: ALCATEL • Clean room for assembly • Cryostat (property of OAN) for measurements • Specialized in production for space (strict QA) • Experience with HERSCHEL amplifiers IGN (Madrid)

  33. Industry: TTI • Bonding machine • Experience in cryostats • Complete receiver with S/X cryogenic amplifiers delivered to Finland • 8.4 K @ 8.4 GHz with Fujitsu devices (20 h k) IGN (Madrid)

  34. Summary (1) • ALMA 4-8 GHz based on the HIFI heritage • Prototype almost ready (correction to power dissipation) • Isolator available (PAMTECH) • IRAM (Band 7): 8 units June 2003 • SRON (Band 9): 2 units June 2003 • ALMA 4-12 GHz • Development not started yet • Prototype Isolator available (PAMTECH) • 2 Amplifiers needed by December 2003 IGN (Madrid)

  35. Summary (2) • PROBLEMS TO SOLVE: • Procurement of InP devices (Help from ESO needed) • TRW, ETH, HRL ? • Resources for construction: • More personal needed! (2 Technicians + 1 Eng.) • Increase efficiency of tests (new test station needed in 2003) • Decision of construction in OAN or subcontractor • Cost IGN (Madrid)

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