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Solutions

Solutions . Day 1&2. Matter- substances vs mixtures. Demo #1: Making a solution. solvent : (yellow/blue/green) colored liquid which was the part that _________ solute : (yellow/blue/green) colored liquid which was the part that ______________

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Solutions

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  1. Solutions Day 1&2

  2. Matter- substances vs mixtures

  3. Demo #1: Making a solution solvent:(yellow/blue/green) colored liquid which was the part that _________ solute:(yellow/blue/green) colored liquid which was the part that______________ solution: (yellow/blue/green) colored liquid which was the part that _____________

  4. Solvation: making a solution Video Clip #1 Video Clip #2 PhET How does solvation happen between salt and water?

  5. Lets make a solution continued When watching the clip, make sure you can explain why the rate of dissolving is affected by: 1. Hot versus cold water 2. Size of solute (particle size) 3. Stirring versus not stirring Video Clip

  6. Factors that affect solution formation Ways to increase the opportunities of solute • Higher temperature • faster moving solvent particles = more collisions • solute breaks free faster 2. Agitation (stirring) • faster moving particles= more collisions • Solute breaks free faster • Sweeping away the dissolved portion 3. Smaller Particle Size • more total surface area = more possible collision sites

  7. Likes Dissolve Likes

  8. Demo #2: Likes dissolve Likes Blue colored isopropyl alcohol (C3H7OH), Red colored water ( H2O),& Yellow Vegetable oil (C6H5O6) are mixed together. Now,answer the following: What happened when all three were added together? Explain why these observations make sense. What did the color change represent? Why is water considered to a universal solvent? Compare the terms Soluble and Insoluble.

  9. Likes Dissolve Likes Conclusion to demo: Water is polar or nonpolar Isopropyl alcohol is polar or nonpolar Vegetable oil is polar or nonpolar

  10. Likes Dissolve Likes

  11. Likes Dissolve Likes

  12. Look at the image below, what word would you use to describe: miscible or immiscible.

  13. Look at the image below, what word would you use to describe: miscible or immiscible.

  14. Demo # 3 Determine if the following are strong, weak, or nonelectrolytes. Explain why the observations make sense. • Solid NaCl • NaCl (aq) • C12H22O11 • 1M HCl (strong acid) • 6M HCl (strong acid) • HC2H3O2 (weak acid)

  15. Electrolyte vs Nonelectrolyte • Electrolytes: conduct electricity • Ionic substances and strong acids • The higher the concentration the stronger the electrolyte. Why do you think this is?

  16. Chemistry Music Video Solution Song

  17. Molarity Formula:moles of solute Liter of solution *** remember if your solute is given/measured in grams you can convert to moles by using molar mass ( unit 5)

  18. Molarity Unit(s) :moles/L or molar or M(which stands for molar) or [value in brackets] ex: 3 moles/L or 3 molar or 3M or [3]

  19. Molarity Vocab; Concentrated: a lot of solute per solvent Dilute: small amount of solute per solvent Think of the following scenario: Your making chicken & stars soup, you dump the can into a bowl (this is concentrated) and then you add water (making it more dilute).

  20. Examples A saline solution contains 0.90 g NaCl in exactly 100mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? 2. How many moles of solute are present in 1.5L of 0.24M Na2SO4?

  21. Molarity by Dilution Purpose: making a more dilute solution Formula:M1V1 = M2V2 How many milliliters of a stock solution of 2.00M MgSO4 would you need to prepare 100.0 mL of 0.400M MgSO4?

  22. Chemistry Music Video For Those About To Dissolve We Solute You

  23. Colligative Properties Why do we salt the roads in the winter? How does it work? Why would you add salt to a pot of water before it boils? Why do you add antifreeze to your car in the winter? How does it work? Why do you add coolant to your car in the summer? How does it work?

  24. Colligative Properties When a solute is added to a solvent, it can change some solvent properties like: - raising the boiling point - lowering the freezing point

  25. Colligative Properties:vapor pressure When adding a solute to a solvent, it (decrease/increases) the vapor pressure of the liquid.

  26. Colligative Properties:freezing point Book Clip When adding a solute to a solvent, it is harder for the solvent to form a _______ network. So more energy needs to be removed resulting in a (lower/higher) temperature at which it becomes a solid (freezing point). The more solute added the (lower/higher) the freezing temperature.

  27. Colligative Properties:boiling point Book Clip Boiling is when the _____pressure = atmospheric pressure. When a solute is added (more/less) energy needs to be added to cause the vapor pressure to equalize with the atmospheric pressure. Therefore the temperature at which a solution boils is (higher/lower) than the pure solvent.

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