1 / 19

Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. Phylum Chordata. Includes 5 Classes Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals. Fish. Habitat : nearly every aquatic environment Respiration : use gills to breathe Circulation : 2 chambered heart Reproduction : sexual (mostly external)

hayden
Download Presentation

Phylum Chordata

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Phylum Chordata

  2. Phylum Chordata Includes 5 Classes • Fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Birds • Mammals

  3. Fish • Habitat: nearly every aquatic environment • Respiration: use gills to breathe • Circulation: 2 chambered heart • Reproduction: sexual (mostly external) • Nervous System: lateral line system that can detect movement

  4. Fish • 3 Major Types of Fish • Jawless Fish • Cartilaginous Fish (chondricthes) • Bony Fish (osteicthes)

  5. Amphibians • Examples: frogs, salamanders, toads • Habitat: live on land and water • Respiration: lungs in adults, gills in tadpoles, but mostly through the moist skin • Reproduction: External reproduction (water needed to transport sperm and eggs must be kept moist)

  6. Circulation: 3 chambered heart (mixing) One chamber gets oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and skin One gets oxygen-poor blood form the rest of the body Both of those chambers collect in a third chamber that pumps a mix of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, skin and body Amphibians

  7. Temperature Regulation: Ectotherms, variable body temperature – gets heat from outside source Metamorphosis – eggs, tadpoles, adult Tadpoles – fins, gills, 2-chambered heart Adult – legs, lungs, 3-chambered heart Amphibians

  8. Examples: snakes, crocodiles, turtle, lizards Habitat: Land mostly Respiration: No exchange thru skin bc it is scaly MUST use lungs Circulation: most have 3 chambered heart Obtain food: claws, legs directly under body makes running easier Temp Regulation: ectotherms Reptiles

  9. Reproduction: Internal fertilization and can lay eggs on land due to the evolution of the amniotic egg Reptiles

  10. Amnion: fluid that cushions embryo Shell: leathery shell Yolk: food source for embryo Allantois: wastes are excreted into this Chorion: allows gas exchange Egg tooth: horny tooth that helps hatch the egg Amniotic Egg

  11. Birds • Examples: pelican, penguin, blue jay • Respiration: lungs and air sacs for extra oxygen for flight • Temp Regulation: Endotherm (internally regulates body temp so it is constant) • Reproduction: internal fertilization and lay amniotic egg with a hard shell, must incubate eggs • Characteristics to Fly: hollow bones for flight, feathers are lightweight, wings, one urogenital orphus

  12. Birds • Circulation: 4 chambered heart (one side pumps oxygen-poor blood to lungs the other side pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body)

  13. Mammals Must haves to be a mammal: • Hair • Mammary glands that secrete milk to nurse young • Diaphragm to expand and contract chest cavity to get more oxygen • Specialized teeth (ex. Molars, canines, incisors) • Can learn!

  14. Mammals • Temp Regulation: Endotherms, maintain fairly constant body temperature • Circulation: 4 chambered heart the oxygenated blood is kept separate from the deoxygenated blood • Respiration: Diaphragm – sheet of muscle located beneath the lungs that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

  15. Mammals • Why is HAIR important? • Insulation • Waterproofing • Conserves body heat • Mammals cool off by panting and sweating

  16. Mammals Mammals are classified into 3 groups based on their method of reproduction • Placental Mammals • Marsupials • Monotremes

  17. Placental Mammals • Carries baby in the mother’s uterus until development is almost complete • Placenta provides food for the baby, allows gas exchange, and removes waste • 95% of mammals are placental

  18. Marsupials • After a baby has grown to a certain size, the mom carries the baby inside a pouch made of skin and hair on the outside of the mom’s body • Most are found in Australia

  19. Monotremes • Reproduces by laying eggs • Found only in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea • 3 species of monotremes alive today (platypus, spiny anteater and long-beaked echidna

More Related